Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to target and destroy cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. It is a localized treatment that is effective in shrinking tumors and preventing cancer cell growth. Surgery (A) involves physically removing the tumor and surrounding tissues, while chemotherapy (C) uses drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body. Palliative treatment (D) focuses on symptom management and improving quality of life in advanced stages of cancer. In this case, the focus is on a form of cancer therapy involving high-energy electromagnetic radiation, making radiation therapy the most appropriate choice.

Correct Answer: E

Rationale: The correct answer is missing from the choices provided. However, for a client with an immune system disorder, essential nursing actions include: E: Educate the client on the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding exposure to infections, and adhering to prescribed medications. This is crucial for managing the immune system disorder effectively. Incorrect choices: A: Following agency guidelines is important but doesn't specifically address the client's immune system disorder. B: Reviewing drug references may be necessary but is not a priority in managing the immune system disorder. C: Advising the client on modifying the home environment is not directly related to managing the immune system disorder. D: Monitoring the client for depression is important but not specific to addressing the immune system disorder.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 2, 3, and 4. High cholesterol, cigarette smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle are modifiable risk factors for developing hypertension. High cholesterol can lead to atherosclerosis, increasing blood pressure. Smoking can constrict blood vessels, raising blood pressure. Sedentary lifestyle can lead to obesity and overall poor cardiovascular health, contributing to hypertension. Race and age are non-modifiable risk factors. Choice A is incorrect because it includes race, a non-modifiable factor. Choice B is incorrect because it includes age, which is also non-modifiable. Choice D is incorrect because it includes all factors, including non-modifiable ones.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A: Cover wound with moist sterile dressing Rationale: 1. Covering the wound with a moist sterile dressing helps maintain a clean and moist environment, promoting wound healing. 2. Moist dressing prevents the wound from drying out and minimizes the risk of infection. 3. The moist environment supports healing by promoting cell growth and preventing tissue damage. 4. It protects the exposed bowel from further injury and contamination. Summary: B: Finding out how this happened is important but not an immediate priority for patient care. C: Placing sterile dry gauze can lead to the wound drying out and hinder healing. D: Pouring sterile water into the wound is not recommended as it can introduce contaminants and is not considered standard care for this situation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Performing a physical examination. This method allows the nurse to directly gather data from the patient's body, such as vital signs, appearance, and overall health status. It provides essential information to establish a patient's database, including baseline values and potential health issues. Reviewing current literature (A) helps in decision-making but does not directly establish a patient's database. Checking orders for tests (B) and ordering medications (D) are part of the treatment process and do not focus on gathering initial patient data.