ATI RN
Burns Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A first-time mother brings in her 5-day-old baby for a well-child visit. The baby weighs 7 lb 5 oz, down from 7 lb 10 oz at discharge. The nurse's best response is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Newborns can lose up to 10% of their birth weight and regain it by 2 weeks of age. This is the best response because it provides the mother with reassurance based on normal newborn weight fluctuation patterns. It is important for parents, especially first-time mothers, to understand that slight weight loss in the first few days is common and typically resolves on its own as the baby adjusts to feeding. Option A is incorrect because notifying the doctor about this weight loss without providing context or reassurance may unnecessarily worry the mother. Option C is dismissive and does not address the mother's concerns. Option D jumps to conclusions about feeding issues without considering the normal weight loss pattern in newborns. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of educating parents about normal newborn weight changes and reassuring them about common concerns. It emphasizes the role of healthcare providers in providing accurate information and support to alleviate parental anxiety and promote positive parenting experiences.
Question 2 of 5
The baby with birth brachial plexus palsy (BBPP) will start with occupational or physical therapy at approximately
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) 1 week of age. In the case of a baby with birth brachial plexus palsy (BBPP), early intervention is crucial for optimizing outcomes. Starting occupational or physical therapy at approximately 1 week of age allows for the initiation of gentle range of motion exercises, positioning techniques, and parental education on handling the affected limb. This early intervention helps prevent contractures, muscle atrophy, and promotes proper muscle development as the baby grows. Option B) 2 weeks of age is incorrect because delaying therapy by another week can lead to missed opportunities for early intervention and potential complications associated with BBPP. Option C) 3 weeks of age is also incorrect as waiting until this time could result in further progression of muscle tightness and contractures, making it more challenging to achieve optimal outcomes through therapy. Option D) 4 weeks of age is the furthest from the correct answer and is not recommended as it delays crucial therapy that could prevent long-term complications associated with BBPP. Educational context: As healthcare providers in pediatric primary care, it is essential to understand the importance of early intervention in conditions like BBPP. By starting therapy promptly at 1 week of age, healthcare professionals can positively impact the baby's outcomes and provide support and guidance to parents in managing the condition effectively. This question highlights the critical role of early therapy initiation in improving the quality of care for infants with BBPP.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in the newborn nursery is monitoring a preterm newborn infant for respiratory distress syndrome. Which assessment signs if noted in the newborn infant would alert the nurse to the possibility of this syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), also known as hyaline membrane disease, is a condition commonly seen in preterm newborn infants. The two classic signs of RDS are tachypnea (rapid breathing) and retractions. Tachypnea is defined as a respiratory rate greater than 60 breaths per minute in newborn infants. Retractions refer to visible indrawing of the chest wall with each breath, indicating increased work of breathing. These signs are indicative of the infant's struggle to breathe and can suggest the presence of RDS. While acrocyanosis (bluish discoloration of the extremities) and grunting may also be present in infants with RDS, tachypnea and retractions are more specific indicators of respiratory distress. Hypotension and bradycardia are not common signs of RDS. The presence of a barrel chest with grunting is not specific
Question 4 of 5
The most common neonatal sepsis and meningitis infections seen within 24 hours after birth are caused by which organism?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Escherichia coli is the most common cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis and meningitis within 24 hours after birth. E. coli can be transmitted from the mother to the infant during delivery, particularly if there is prolonged rupture of membranes or maternal infection. Infections caused by E. coli in newborns can be severe and life-threatening. It is important to identify and promptly treat infections caused by E. coli in neonates to prevent complications and improve outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
Dr. Jones prescribes corticosteroids for a child with nephritic syndrome. What is the primary purpose of administering corticosteroids to this child?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Corticosteroids are commonly used to reduce inflammation in various conditions, including nephritic syndrome. In nephritic syndrome, there is inflammation in the glomeruli of the kidneys, leading to symptoms such as proteinuria, hematuria, and reduced kidney function. Corticosteroids work by suppressing this inflammatory response, which helps alleviate the symptoms and improve kidney function in patients with nephritic syndrome. Administering corticosteroids to this child aims to reduce the inflammation in the kidneys, thereby improving their condition.