A fetus is in the LOA position in utero. Which of the following findings would the nurse observe when doing Leopold's maneuvers?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Soft, round object on the left side of the uterus. When a fetus is in the Left Occiput Anterior (LOA) position in utero, the nurse would feel a soft, round object on the left side of the uterus during Leopold's maneuvers. This position indicates that the baby's back is along the mother's left side. Option A) Hard, round object in the fundal region would not be felt in an LOA position as the fundus is usually occupied by the baby's head in this scenario. Option B) Flat object above the symphysis pubis is not consistent with the LOA position as the baby's head is typically located higher in the uterus in this position. Option D) Small objects on the right side of the uterus would not be felt in an LOA position, as the baby's back is aligned along the left side of the mother's abdomen. This question is crucial for nurses caring for pregnant women as understanding fetal positions can help in assessing fetal well-being and planning for labor and delivery. Conducting Leopold's maneuvers correctly can provide valuable information about the fetus's position, presentation, and engagement, aiding in the management of high-risk pregnancies.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option A) Nausea and uterine tetany. Synthetic prostaglandins are commonly used for labor induction as they help ripen the cervix and stimulate uterine contractions. One of the common side effects of prostaglandins is uterine hyperstimulation, which can lead to uterine tetany (excessive, prolonged contractions) and nausea. Option B) Hypertension and vaginal bleeding is incorrect because prostaglandins typically do not cause hypertension, and vaginal bleeding would not be an expected side effect of their administration. Option C) Urinary retention and severe headache is also incorrect as these are not commonly associated with the administration of synthetic prostaglandins for labor induction. Option D) Bradycardia and hypothermia are not typical side effects of synthetic prostaglandins used for labor induction. From an educational perspective, understanding the side effects of medications used in high-risk pregnancies is crucial for nurses caring for these clients. Monitoring for and recognizing potential side effects promptly can help in preventing complications and providing safe care to both the mother and the baby.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Report swollen hands and face. This is the most important instruction for a patient with mild preeclampsia at 38 weeks' gestation on home bed rest. Swelling, particularly in the hands and face, can indicate worsening preeclampsia, which is characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine. Option A, eating a sodium-restricted diet, is not the priority in this situation as it does not directly address the immediate risk associated with preeclampsia. Option B, checking temperature 4 times daily, is not relevant to monitoring preeclampsia. Option D, limiting fluids to 1 liter per day, is incorrect as adequate hydration is important unless specifically advised by a healthcare provider due to severe symptoms. From an educational perspective, it is crucial for nurses to emphasize the signs and symptoms of worsening preeclampsia to pregnant women to ensure timely intervention and prevention of complications for both the mother and the baby. Teaching patients about when and how to report concerning symptoms empowers them to be active participants in their healthcare and promotes positive outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In a 42-week-gestation neonate, the nurse would expect to see loose and peeling skin (Option C). This finding is indicative of postmaturity, as the baby has been in utero for longer than the average 40 weeks. The skin of a post-term baby can appear dry, cracked, and peeling due to prolonged exposure to amniotic fluid, leading to desquamation. Option A, folded and flat pinnae, is incorrect as this is a normal finding in a term newborn. Option B, smooth plantar surfaces, is also incorrect as it is a common characteristic in newborns and not specific to post-term infants. Option D, short pliable fingernails, is not a distinguishing feature of post-term neonates. In an educational context, understanding the physical characteristics of neonates at different gestational ages is crucial for nurses caring for newborns, especially in high-risk situations like postmaturity. Identifying these signs helps nurses provide appropriate care and monitor for any complications associated with post-term births.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, option D is the correct response. The nurse should inform the mother that the newborn screening tests for inborn diseases are typically performed by collecting blood from the baby's heel after the baby has been fed a few times. This process allows for a more accurate assessment of the newborn's health status. Option A is incorrect because collecting blood from the baby's umbilical cord at birth is typically done for other tests and not specifically for newborn screening tests. Option B is incorrect as testing the baby's first urine and stool is not the standard procedure for newborn screening tests. Option C is also incorrect because drawing a vial of blood when the baby is admitted to the nursery is not the typical timing for newborn screening tests. From an educational perspective, it is important for nurses to understand the correct procedures for newborn screening tests to provide accurate information to parents. This knowledge ensures that newborns receive appropriate and timely screening for early detection of potential health issues, allowing for prompt intervention and treatment. Understanding the rationale behind the correct answer helps nurses deliver quality care to both newborns and their families.