A female resident's perineal area should be cleaned

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C - From front to back Rationale: 1. Cleaning from front to back reduces the risk of transferring bacteria from the anal area to the urinary meatus, preventing urinary tract infections. 2. It follows the natural direction of the perineal area, maintaining proper hygiene and preventing cross-contamination. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Cleaning without soap may not effectively remove bacteria and could lead to inadequate hygiene. B: Using a special oil is unnecessary and may not provide the necessary cleansing for the perineal area. D: Cleaning from the anal area to the meatus increases the risk of introducing bacteria into the urinary tract, potentially causing infections.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for the correct answer (D): Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease specifically affecting the large intestine or colon. It is characterized by inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the colon, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding. This distinguishes it from Crohn's disease, which can affect any part of the digestive tract. Summary of incorrect choices: A: Malabsorption refers to the inability to absorb nutrients properly and is not specific to the large intestine. B: Fecal impaction is a condition where a hard mass of stool gets stuck in the colon, causing blockage, but it is not a chronic inflammatory disease. C: Crohn's disease is also a chronic inflammatory condition, but it can affect any part of the digestive tract, not just the large intestine like ulcerative colitis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because erectile dysfunction is commonly treated with medication such as phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. It is not a normal change of aging (A), as it can affect men of all ages. It is also not incurable (C), as there are various treatment options available. Additionally, erectile dysfunction is not related to inflammation of the testes (D), which is a separate medical condition. Therefore, the correct choice is B as it aligns with the standard treatment approach for erectile dysfunction.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia is a condition where the body cannot absorb vitamin B12 properly, leading to a deficiency. Vitamin B12 is essential for red blood cell production, and its deficiency can result in anemia. Pulmonary edema (A) is excess fluid in the lungs, not related to vitamin B12. Congestive heart failure (B) is a condition where the heart cannot pump blood effectively, not related to vitamin B12. Phlebitis (D) is inflammation of a vein, also not related to vitamin B12 absorption issues. Therefore, pernicious anemia is the correct answer as it directly relates to the absorption of vitamin B12.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice B being correct: Yellow or green sputum is common in acute bronchitis due to inflammation and infection in the bronchial tubes, leading to the presence of pus. This is a typical symptom seen in respiratory infections like bronchitis. Coughing up blood (choice A) is more indicative of a more serious condition like pneumonia or lung cancer. Night sweats (choice C) are not a typical symptom of acute bronchitis but may be seen in conditions like tuberculosis. Excessive urination (choice D) is unrelated to acute bronchitis.