A female patient's hematocrit level is 50% and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. What should the nurse suspect as being the cause for this patient's hematocrit level?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dehydration. When a patient is dehydrated, their blood volume decreases, leading to a relative increase in the concentration of red blood cells and hematocrit level. In this case, the patient's high hematocrit level of 50% indicates hemoconcentration due to dehydration. Oxygen saturation being normal suggests that the body is compensating for the decreased blood volume by maintaining adequate oxygen delivery. Summary of incorrect choices: B: Chronic renal failure would likely result in anemia due to decreased erythropoietin production. C: Bone marrow suppression would lead to a decrease in red blood cell production, causing anemia. D: Bleeding esophageal varices would result in acute blood loss and a decreased hematocrit level.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the lungs are unable to efficiently exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide, leading to tissue hypoxia. The body compensates for this by producing more red blood cells (polycythemia) to increase oxygen-carrying capacity. This helps deliver more oxygen to tissues. Choice A is incorrect because medications for bronchodilation do not directly cause polycythemia. Choice B is incorrect because overactive bone marrow is not the primary reason for polycythemia in COPD. Choice C is incorrect because polycythemia in COPD is not a response to combat anemia but rather to address tissue hypoxia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a prothrombin time (PT) of 28 seconds indicates a prolonged clotting time, putting the client at risk for bleeding. This requires immediate assessment and intervention to prevent complications. Choice A (INR of 2.8) is within the therapeutic range for clients on anticoagulant therapy, so it does not require immediate attention. Choice B (platelet count of 128000/mm³) is low but not critically low enough to warrant immediate action unless there are signs of active bleeding. Choice D (red blood cell count of 5.1 million/L) is within normal limits and does not indicate an urgent issue.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Blinatumomab is designed to engage T cells to target CD19 antigen on B-lymphoblasts. 2. CD19 is a specific marker expressed on B cells, making it a target for Blinatumomab. 3. CD10 is not targeted by Blinatumomab and is commonly found on early B-cell precursors. 4. CD15 and CD20 are not targeted by Blinatumomab and have different functions unrelated to B-lymphoblasts. Summary: - CD19 is the correct answer as it is the specific target for Blinatumomab on B-lymphoblasts. - CD10, CD15, and CD20 are incorrect as they are not the targeted antigens for Blinatumomab and have different roles in immune function.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nominal. The central line types in this study (port, PICC, TEC) are categorical and do not have a natural order or ranking. They are simply names or labels representing different types of central lines. This makes them fall under the nominal data structure category. Continuous data (choice A) would involve measurements with infinite possible values. Dichotomous data (choice B) would have only two categories. Ordinal data (choice D) would imply a natural ranking or order among the categories, which is not applicable in this context.