A female complains that her husband only meets his sexual needs and never her needs. According to Freud, which personality structure should a nurse identify as predominantly driving the husbands actions?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the id is the primitive and instinctual part of the mind that operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of desires without consideration of consequences or the needs of others. The husband in this scenario appears to be primarily focused on meeting his own sexual needs without regard for his wife's needs or desires. This behavior aligns with the characteristics of the id, which is driven by primitive impulses and seeks instant gratification.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Erikson's developmental task of integrity in late adulthood involves reflecting on one's life and accepting both the successes and failures one has experienced. By encouraging a life review of triumphs and disappointments, a nurse helps the client to look back on their life experiences, find meaning in them, and work towards achieving a sense of wholeness and contentment. This process can help the client reconcile with past events, come to terms with any unresolved issues, and develop a sense of integrity and acceptance of themselves and their life story. It also allows for personal growth and emotional healing, which are essential aspects of achieving integrity according to Erikson's theory.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response in the body, which is activated in stressful situations. This response prepares the body to react quickly to perceived threats, such as increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and increased adrenaline production. Therefore, during stressful situations, the sympathetic nervous system plays a major role in mobilizing the body's resources to respond effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Reuptake is the term that best explains the process of how neurotransmitters released into the synaptic cleft may return to the presynaptic neuron. After neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft to transmit signals between neurons, they need to be removed from the cleft to allow for new signals to be transmitted. Reuptake is the process by which the presynaptic neuron reabsorbs the neurotransmitters that were released into the synaptic cleft, recycling them for later use. This process helps in regulating the levels of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft, ensuring proper signaling between neurons. Regeneration, on the other hand, refers to the process of growing new neurons or nerve fibers. Recycling is a general term that may not specifically apply to the reabsorption of neurotransmitters, while retransmission is not a recognized term in this context.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The limbic system is often referred to as the "emotional brain" because it plays a major role in processing emotions and emotional responses. It is a complex system of brain structures that includes the amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus, among others. These structures are involved in regulating emotions, memory, and certain instinctive behaviors such as fight-or-flight responses. Therefore, a nursing instructor should describe the limbic system as the emotional brain to students as it is essential in understanding emotional functioning and behavior.