ATI RN
Theoretical Basis for Behavior Modification Questions
Question 1 of 5
A female client with cancer is being evaluated for possible metastasis. Which of the following is one of the most common metastasis sites for cancer cells?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Liver. Cancer cells commonly metastasize to the liver due to its rich blood supply and filtering function. This allows cancer cells to easily travel through the bloodstream and settle in the liver. Other choices, such as B: Colon, and C: Reproductive tract, are possible metastatic sites but are not as common as the liver. Choice D: White blood cells (WBCs) is incorrect as WBCs are part of the immune system and not a typical site for cancer metastasis.
Question 2 of 5
The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing which substances?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Glucocorticoids and androgens. The adrenal cortex is divided into three layers, with each layer responsible for producing different hormones. The zona fasciculata produces glucocorticoids like cortisol, which regulate metabolism and immune response. The zona reticularis produces androgens, such as DHEA, which are precursors to sex hormones. Therefore, choice A is correct. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced in the adrenal medulla, not the adrenal cortex. Mineralocorticoids, like aldosterone, are produced in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex, not in the same layer as glucocorticoids and androgens.
Question 3 of 5
A 23-year-old client is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After recovering from the initial shock of the diagnosis, the client expresses a desire to learn as much as possible about HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). When teaching the client about the immune system, the nurse states that adaptive immunity is provided by which type of white blood cell?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lymphocyte. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in adaptive immunity by recognizing and remembering specific pathogens. They include B cells, which produce antibodies, and T cells, which directly attack infected cells. Neutrophils (A), basophils (B), and monocytes (C) are all important in the immune response but primarily function in innate immunity, not adaptive immunity. Neutrophils are phagocytes that engulf and destroy pathogens, basophils release inflammatory chemicals, and monocytes differentiate into macrophages that also phagocytize pathogens.
Question 4 of 5
Julius is admitted with complaints of severe pain in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. To assist with pain relief, the nurse should take which of the following actions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because positioning the client with comfort measures and pillows can help alleviate pain by reducing pressure on the affected area. Changing positions frequently (Choice A) may exacerbate the pain. Administering Demerol (Choice B) without proper assessment and physician's order is not recommended. Applying warmth with a heating pad (Choice C) can worsen conditions like appendicitis.
Question 5 of 5
Matilda, with hyperthyroidism is to receive Lugol's iodine solution before a subtotal thyroidectomy is performed. The nurse is aware that this medication is given to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Lugol's iodine solution is given to decrease the size and vascularity of the thyroid gland. Step 2: By reducing the size and blood supply to the thyroid gland, surgery becomes safer and easier. Step 3: A, B, and C are incorrect: A: Lugol's iodine solution does not decrease the total basal metabolic rate. B: It does not maintain the function of the parathyroid glands. C: It does not block the formation of thyroxine; instead, it reduces the size and vascularity of the thyroid gland.