ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A female client who has a history of seizures went to a healthcare facility to ask the nurse regarding the use of birth control pills while on phenytoin therapy. The nurse correctly states to the client that:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin induces liver enzymes that increase the metabolism of oral contraceptives, reducing their effectiveness. This increases the risk of unintended pregnancy. Pregnancy is not prohibited, but effective contraception is essential. Discontinuing phenytoin is not recommended without medical advice. Therefore, the nurse should inform the client about the decreased effectiveness of birth control pills.
Question 2 of 5
ACE inhibitors:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ACE inhibitors increase bradykinin by blocking its breakdown, not decrease it, so that's false. Hyperkalemia is more common in diabetes due to renal issues, not less, making that false. They're not absolutely contraindicated with NSAIDs, though caution applies, so that's incorrect. They decrease efferent arteriolar resistance, reducing glomerular pressure, a true statement, key in renoprotection. They don't reduce prostaglandins (NSAIDs do). This hemodynamic effect is vital in hypertension and diabetic nephropathy.
Question 3 of 5
The physician has prescribed a brand name drug for the client. The client tells the nurse that the medication is too expensive. What is the best plan by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Generic drugs, bioequivalent to brand names, cost less, making substitution the best plan to address expense while maintaining therapy. Assistance programs help but delay access. Cheaper brands may not exist or differ therapeutically. Samples are unsustainable. Generics offer a practical, immediate solution, widely supported by formularies, aligning with cost-effective care.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse teaches a class about medication used during pregnancy to pregnant women. The nurse determines that additional instruction is required when a class participant makes which response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Drugs harm fetuses across trimesters-first (organogenesis) is critical, but later effects (e.g., growth) occur, so this needs correction. Avoiding OTC drugs is wise-many risk harm. Teratogens cause death or defects, true. Breast milk transfers drugs, also true. First-trimester-only harm misstates risk, requiring reteaching.
Question 5 of 5
The patient asks the nurse why she needs to continue using table salt because her prescribed lithium (Eskalith) is a salt. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lithium competes with sodium-adequate salt and hydration (1-1.5 L water) prevent toxicity by aiding excretion, per pharmacokinetics. Sea salt isn't less needed-sodium's the key. Retention isn't direct-hydration matters more. Increasing salt for toxicity is reactive, not preventive. Water trumps salt, clarifying use.