ATI RN
Multidimensional Basis of Health Protective Behaviors Questions
Question 1 of 5
A female client is scheduled to receive a heart valve replacement with a porcine valve. Which of the following types of transplant is this?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Xenogeneic. A porcine valve is derived from pigs, making it a xenogeneic transplant. Allogeneic (A) refers to transplant between genetically different individuals of the same species. Autologous (B) involves using the patient's own tissue. Syngeneic (C) is transplant between genetically identical individuals, such as identical twins. In this case, since the heart valve is from a different species (pig), the correct term is xenogeneic.
Question 2 of 5
Nurse Sarah expects to note an elevated serum glucose level in a client with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS). Which other laboratory finding should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Below-normal serum potassium level. In HHNS, there is severe hyperglycemia leading to osmotic diuresis and dehydration. As a result, potassium is lost in the urine, causing hypokalemia. This can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Elevated serum acetone level (A) and serum ketone bodies (B) are typically seen in diabetic ketoacidosis, not in HHNS. Serum alkalosis (C) is not commonly associated with HHNS.
Question 3 of 5
Hemoptysis may be present in the client with a pulmonary embolism because of which of the following reasons?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, as hemoptysis in pulmonary embolism is often due to alveolar damage in the infarcted area caused by the blockage of blood flow to the lung tissue. This leads to inflammation and subsequent bleeding. Choice B is incorrect because major blood vessel involvement does not directly lead to hemoptysis. Choices C and D are incorrect as they are too general and do not specifically address the mechanism of hemoptysis in pulmonary embolism.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse knows that neurologic complications of multiple myeloma (MM) usually involve which of the following body system?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Renal dysfunction. Neurologic complications in multiple myeloma often manifest as renal dysfunction due to the deposition of abnormal proteins in the kidneys, leading to kidney damage. This can result in symptoms like proteinuria, renal insufficiency, and ultimately renal failure. The other choices, brain (A), muscle spasm (B), and myocardial irritability (D), are less likely to be directly associated with neurologic complications of multiple myeloma. Brain involvement in MM is rare, muscle spasms are not a common neurologic complication, and myocardial irritability is more related to cardiac function rather than neurologic complications in MM.
Question 5 of 5
The term "blue bloater" refers to a male client which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The term "blue bloater" refers to a male client with chronic obstructive bronchitis. This is because chronic obstructive bronchitis is characterized by chronic bronchial inflammation leading to cyanosis (blue) and bloating due to fluid retention. ARDS is characterized by severe respiratory failure, not consistent with the symptoms of a blue bloater. Asthma typically presents with wheezing and reversible airway obstruction, not bloating. Emphysema is characterized by shortness of breath and barrel chest, but not necessarily blue discoloration or bloating.