ATI RN
jarvis physical examination and health assessment 9th edition test bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
A family who immigrated to Canada 3 months ago has come to the clinic to see the nurse practitioner. One of the parents has found work, but not in his fielThe other parent has not been able to find a joThis family of five is living in a one-bedroom apartment. The nurse practitioner is aware that the health of new immigrants is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: New immigrants face many challenges such as language barriers, cultural differences, lack of social support, and limited access to healthcare. Step 2: These factors can negatively impact their health by causing stress, mental health issues, and difficulties in accessing healthcare services. Step 3: Employment and stable housing are important factors for immigrants' health, but they alone may not address the broader issues affecting their well-being. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is A, as the health of new immigrants is indeed negatively affected by a combination of contributing factors beyond just employment and housing.
Question 2 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of diabetes. The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hyperglycemia. Patients with diabetes are at risk for high blood sugar levels, leading to hyperglycemia. This can result in various complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state. The nurse should monitor the patient's blood glucose levels regularly to prevent these serious complications. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: Hypoglycemia - While hypoglycemia is a concern for diabetic patients, hyperglycemia is a more common and immediate risk. B: Hyperkalemia - While hyperkalemia can occur in some diabetic patients, hyperglycemia is a more common and primary concern. C: Hypotension - While diabetic patients can experience hypotension, hyperglycemia poses a more immediate threat to their health.
Question 3 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of asthma. The nurse should monitor for which of the following signs of an asthma exacerbation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased wheezing and shortness of breath. During an asthma exacerbation, bronchial airways become inflamed and narrowed, leading to increased wheezing and shortness of breath. This is a classic sign of worsening asthma. Other choices are incorrect because: A) Decreased work of breathing is not expected in an asthma exacerbation as the patient usually struggles to breathe. C) Improved oxygen saturation is unlikely as airway obstruction can lead to decreased oxygen levels. D) Decreased sputum production is not a typical sign of asthma exacerbation; in fact, increased sputum production may occur due to airway inflammation.
Question 4 of 9
To which part of the assessment is information about who lives with a child, the method of disciplining, and support system related?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Functional assessment. This type of assessment focuses on understanding how an individual functions in their daily life. Information about who lives with a child, the method of disciplining, and support system directly relate to the child's functionality and overall well-being. Family history (A) typically refers to medical conditions in the family. Review of systems (B) involves examining different body systems for symptoms. Reason for seeking care (D) pertains to the specific reason why the child is seeking medical attention and does not encompass the broader aspects of the child's functioning.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse is planning health education for a 65-year-old woman who has had a cerebrovascular accident (stroke) and is aphasic. Which of the following is most important to use when assessing mental health in this situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Please point to articles in the room and parts of the body as I name them. This is the most important assessment for mental health in an aphasic patient post-stroke because it evaluates their comprehension, communication abilities, and cognitive function. Pointing to articles and body parts demonstrates understanding and ability to follow instructions, which are crucial aspects of mental health assessment in this context. A: Please count back from 100 by sevens - This choice involves memory and mathematical abilities, which may not accurately assess mental health in an aphasic patient. B: I will name three items and ask you to repeat them in a few minutes - This choice tests memory recall, which is not as relevant for assessing mental health in an aphasic patient post-stroke. D: What would you do if you found a stamped, addressed envelope on the sidewalk? - This choice assesses problem-solving skills, which may not be the most appropriate indicator of mental health in an aphasic patient.
Question 6 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease. The nurse should monitor for which of the following signs of fluid overload?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, shortness of breath and weight gain, because fluid overload in patients with chronic kidney disease can lead to pulmonary edema and weight gain due to retained fluid. Shortness of breath occurs as the excess fluid accumulates in the lungs. Increased urine output and fatigue (B) are more indicative of dehydration. Dizziness and hypotension (C) are symptoms of hypovolemia, not fluid overload. Nausea and vomiting (D) are nonspecific symptoms and not typically associated with fluid overload.
Question 7 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse recognize as a sign of hypoglycemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tremors and dizziness. Hypoglycemia is characterized by low blood sugar levels. Tremors and dizziness are common symptoms due to the brain not receiving enough glucose for energy. Tachycardia and nausea (choice A) are more indicative of hyperglycemia. Polyuria and polydipsia (choice B) are classic symptoms of hyperglycemia in diabetes. Weight loss and fatigue (choice D) are not specific symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Question 8 of 9
A patient tells the nurse that she believes in "the hot"“cold theory, where illness is caused by hot or cold entering the body." Which of the following responses from the nurse would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it shows respect for the patient's belief and promotes open communication. By asking the patient to explain more about the hot-cold theory, the nurse acknowledges the patient's perspective and builds a trusting relationship. Option A dismisses the patient's belief, risking alienation. Option B is informative but misses the opportunity to understand the patient's cultural beliefs. Option C is unprofessional and does not address the patient's concerns.
Question 9 of 9
To assess affect, the nurse should ask the patient:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer A is correct: 1. Asking "How do you feel today?" directly addresses the patient's emotional state. 2. Assessing affect involves understanding the patient's emotional response or mood. 3. This open-ended question encourages the patient to express their feelings. 4. It allows the nurse to gain insight into the patient's emotional well-being. 5. Options B, C, and D focus on different aspects like memory, medication effectiveness, and functional ability, not directly related to assessing affect.