A factory worker suffered a chemical burn to the eye and arrives at the Emergency department. What is the first action of the nurse?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The first action should be to flush the eye continuously with a sterile solution to remove the chemical and prevent further damage to the eye. This is important in cases of chemical burns to prevent the chemical from causing more harm or spreading to other parts of the eye. It is crucial to start immediate irrigation to promote the best possible outcome and help alleviate the pain and potential long-term damage. Once the eye has been thoroughly flushed, further assessment and appropriate treatment can be provided by the healthcare team.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is a non-specific marker for inflammation and can be elevated in conditions like rheumatic fever. A decrease in ESR suggests a reduction in the inflammatory response in the body, indicating an improvement in the condition. While the other parameters (WBC count, ASOT, and hemoglobin level) may be affected in rheumatic fever, a decrease in ESR is a more direct indicator of improvement in the inflammatory process associated with the disease.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: An advantage of peritoneal dialysis is that protein loss is less extensive compared to hemodialysis. Peritoneal dialysis operates by using the peritoneal membrane in the abdomen to act as a natural filter, helping to remove waste products and excess fluids from the body. The process of peritoneal dialysis allows for a slower, more continuous removal of waste substances, which results in reduced protein loss as compared to hemodialysis. This can be beneficial for maintaining overall nutritional status and preventing complications related to protein deficiencies in patients undergoing dialysis treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Clear liquids are gentle on the liver and help minimize digestive stress during hepatitis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Heart failure is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures. This results in the inefficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention. Pulmonary congestion, systemic venous congestion, and congenital heart defects can be associated with heart failure but are not the primary definition of the condition.