ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions on Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A drug useful in the treatment of acute attack of migraine is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sumatriptan is the correct answer for treating acute migraine attacks as it is a specific serotonin receptor agonist that helps constrict blood vessels in the brain. Ergometrine and dihydroergometrine are ergot alkaloids used for other conditions, not migraine. Propranolol is a beta-blocker used for migraine prevention, not acute attacks.
Question 2 of 5
Which one of the following is a cardio selective β1-blocker:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Metoprolol. Metoprolol is a cardioselective beta-1 blocker, meaning it primarily blocks beta-1 receptors in the heart, leading to a decrease in heart rate and contractility. This selectivity reduces the risk of bronchoconstriction compared to non-selective beta blockers like Timolol (Choice A), Nadolol (Choice C), and Sotalol (Choice D), which can also block beta-2 receptors in the lungs, potentially causing respiratory issues in patients with asthma or COPD. Therefore, Metoprolol is the best choice for patients with cardiovascular conditions who also have respiratory concerns.
Question 3 of 5
Albuterol causes selective activation of β2 adrenergic receptors when administered in 'low doses,' mainly by inhalation. If very large doses of albuterol were given, or if the drug is administered intravenously, the effects caused by albuterol would look quite different and would resemble those of which one of the following drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Albuterol selectively activates β2 adrenergic receptors in low doses. Step 2: Isoprenaline is a non-selective beta-adrenergic agonist. Step 3: Very large doses of albuterol or IV administration would lead to non-selective activation of beta receptors. Step 4: Isoprenaline also activates both β1 and β2 receptors, causing a broad range of effects. Step 5: Therefore, the effects of high-dose albuterol would resemble those of Isoprenaline, making B the correct answer. Summary: Choice A (Epinephrine) is incorrect because epinephrine primarily acts on both α and β adrenergic receptors, not just β2. Choice C (Norepinephrine) is incorrect as it mainly acts on α adrenergic receptors, not β. Choice D (Phenylephrine) is incorrect because it is a
Question 4 of 5
Which row shows the correct labels on the diagram of a leaf section?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the cuticle is the waxy layer on the leaf surface, palisade mesophyll is the layer of elongated cells where photosynthesis occurs, and stoma is the opening for gas exchange. Epidermis is the outer layer, not the cuticle. Spongy mesophyll is below palisade mesophyll, not above it. Guard cells surround stomata, not spongy mesophyll.
Question 5 of 5
What is the mass of hydrogen chloride that reacts with 5.1 g of ammonia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To find the mass of hydrogen chloride that reacts with 5.1g of ammonia, we need to use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation. The balanced equation for the reaction between ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) is: NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of NH3 reacts with 1 mole of HCl to form 1 mole of NH4Cl. Therefore, the molar ratio of NH3 to HCl is 1:1. First, we need to convert the given mass of ammonia (5.1g) to moles using the molar mass of ammonia (17g/mol): 5.1g NH3 * (1 mol NH3 / 17g NH3) = 0.3 mol NH3 Since the molar ratio of NH3 to HCl is 1:1, the moles of HCl that react with