A drug that affects both divisions of the autonomic system is going to bind to, or block, which type of neurotransmitter receptor?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): 1. Nicotinic receptors are present in both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic system. 2. Drugs affecting both divisions target nicotinic receptors to modulate autonomic functions. 3. Binding or blocking nicotinic receptors can impact both sympathetic and parasympathetic activities. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B. Muscarinic receptors are specific to the parasympathetic division, not affecting the sympathetic division. C. α-adrenergic receptors are specific to the sympathetic division, not influencing parasympathetic functions. D. β-adrenergic receptors are also specific to the sympathetic division, not impacting the parasympathetic division.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The hypothalamus controls body temperature and regulates sleep. The hypothalamus is a part of the brain responsible for maintaining homeostasis, including regulating body temperature and controlling sleep patterns. It acts as a thermostat for the body, adjusting temperature through various mechanisms. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in the sleep-wake cycle by influencing the production of sleep-inducing hormones. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect: A: The cerebellum is not the center for speech and emotions; it is primarily involved in coordination and movement control. C: The basal ganglia are responsible for coordinating motor movements and are not directly involved in voluntary movements. D: Motor pathways of the spinal cord and brainstem do not synapse in the thalamus; they synapse in the brainstem and spinal cord itself.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Does this medication provide relief of migraine symptoms?" This question directly assesses the effectiveness of sumatriptan in treating migraines, which is crucial for evaluating the medication's efficacy. Asking about symptom relief is essential in determining if the medication is working as intended. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly assess the primary purpose of sumatriptan, which is to provide relief from migraine symptoms. B focuses on sleep improvement, C on anxiety reduction, and D on migraine prevention, none of which are the primary goal of sumatriptan therapy. To ensure optimal care, the focus should be on assessing the medication's effectiveness in managing the migraines.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the key feature of dissociative amnesia with fugue is the inability to remember important personal information. In this case, the patient cannot recall why they are living in the current town, indicating a significant gap in memory. Choice B describes a feeling of disorientation, not memory loss. Choice C suggests dissociative identity disorder, not dissociative amnesia. Choice D focuses on anxiety, which is not a primary symptom of dissociative amnesia with fugue.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Relaxation. For a patient with somatic symptom disorder, relaxation techniques can help reduce anxiety and physical symptoms associated with the disorder. Relaxation promotes a sense of calm, reduces stress, and can improve coping skills. Flooding (A) involves exposing a patient to a feared stimulus in a sudden and intense manner, which can exacerbate symptoms in somatic symptom disorder. Response prevention (C) is used in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder, not somatic symptom disorder. Systematic desensitization (D) is a technique used for phobias, not somatic symptom disorder.