A distraught, single, first-time mother cries and asks a nurse, How can I go to work if I cant afford childcare? What is the nurses initial action in assisting the client with the problem-solving process?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nurse's initial action in assisting the client with the problem-solving process should be to assess the facts of the situation. By gathering information about the client's current situation, including her employment status, financial resources, and support system, the nurse can gain a better understanding of the specific challenges the client is facing. This assessment will help the nurse identify the key issues that need to be addressed and guide them in developing a plan to help the client find a solution to her childcare dilemma. Once the facts are assessed, the nurse can then proceed to formulate goals, determine risks and benefits, and evaluate outcomes of different alternatives as part of the problem-solving process.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When an individual experiences a stressful situation such as a shooting incident, the body initiates a stress response also known as the 'fight or flight' response. This response is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system and leads to physiological changes aimed at preparing the body to either confront the threat or flee from it. Increased heart rate and increased respirations are common initial biological responses to stress as they help to deliver more oxygen to muscles and vital organs, enhancing physical performance in response to the perceived threat. These physiological changes are adaptive in the short term, helping the individual deal with the immediate stressor.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The client who is most likely to be receptive to psychiatric treatment is typically someone who has a higher level of education, access to resources, and a better understanding and acceptance of seeking mental health support. In this case, the Jewish, female journalist is more likely to have the awareness, openness, and willingness to engage in psychiatric treatment compared to the other options. Additionally, her profession as a journalist may have exposed her to various perspectives and worldviews, making her more receptive to different interventions and treatments. The combination of her background and profession may contribute to a more positive attitude toward seeking and engaging in psychiatric treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Learning is enhanced when anxiety is mild. Moderate to severe anxiety can hinder the learning process by overwhelming the patient, making it difficult for them to focus and retain information. Mild anxiety, on the other hand, can actually improve learning by increasing alertness and focus without causing distress or interference with cognitive functions. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to recognize the level of anxiety in the patient and aim to keep it at a mild level to facilitate effective medication instruction.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most accurate statement about the concept of neuroses is that an individual experiencing neurosis is aware of psychological causes of his or her behavior. Neuroses are considered milder forms of mental illness where individuals are aware of their distress and the psychological factors contributing to their symptoms. Unlike individuals with psychosis, who may have a loss of contact with reality, individuals with neuroses have insight into their condition and are able to recognize the causes of their distress. This awareness can often be a key factor in seeking and benefiting from treatment.