A disorder in which a person has a serious loss of mental abilities, including the ability to think, remember, and reason, is known as

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dementia. Dementia is characterized by a serious decline in cognitive abilities such as memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a terminal illness (A), a heart disease (C), or a chronic disorder (D). Dementia specifically refers to the loss of mental abilities, which distinguishes it from the other choices.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because responding immediately when the resident calls for help shows attentiveness and care, building trust with the resident's family and friends. This action demonstrates the NA's dedication to the resident's well-being and emphasizes their commitment to providing timely assistance. A is incorrect as avoiding talking to the resident when he has visitors can signal indifference and lack of engagement. B is incorrect because letting the family take care of the resident's needs themselves may suggest neglect of the NA's responsibilities. C is incorrect as telling stories about the resident without their consent may invade their privacy and potentially create uncomfortable situations. In summary, choice D is the most effective way for an NA to establish a positive relationship with a resident's family and friends by prioritizing the resident's needs and ensuring prompt assistance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because checking if any assigned residents require immediate help or care is crucial for ensuring their safety and well-being. This step prioritizes addressing urgent needs and emergencies first, aligning with the nursing assistant's duty to provide timely and necessary assistance. Setting up residents for mealtime (choice A) can wait until urgent needs are addressed. Trying to change daily assignments (choice B) is not a priority when residents may need immediate help. Taking vital signs on all residents (choice D) is important but should come after addressing urgent care needs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because listening to the family's concerns and fears and responding with a meaningful message demonstrates empathy, respect, and effective communication skills. It shows the nursing assistant's understanding of the family's emotional needs and helps build trust and rapport. A is incorrect because nursing assistants should not give medical advice as it is beyond their scope of practice. B is incorrect because providing false reassurance can undermine trust and credibility. C is incorrect because sharing confidential medical information without consent violates the resident's privacy rights.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because wearing a mask and goggles is necessary when there is a risk of contact with splashing or spraying blood or body fluids, as these can transmit infections. This precaution is important to protect healthcare workers from exposure to pathogens. Explanation: 1. Wearing a mask and goggles during all care procedures (choice A) is not necessary unless there is a specific risk of exposure to infectious materials. 2. Wearing them when caring for a resident with any infectious disease (choice B) is not always required, only when there is a risk of exposure to body fluids. 3. Wearing them at all times while in the facility (choice D) is excessive and not practical, as the risk of exposure varies depending on the task being performed.