ATI RN
Fundamentals of Nursing Oxygenation Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A diabetic patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) results show pH 7.28, PaCO2 34 mm Hg, HCO3- 18 mEq/L. What is the nurse's interpretation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct interpretation is B: Metabolic acidosis. The low pH indicates acidosis. The low HCO3- level (<22 mEq/L) indicates a primary metabolic acidosis. The PaCO2 level is not elevated, ruling out respiratory compensation. Choice A is incorrect because the primary disturbance is metabolic, not respiratory alkalosis. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests both acidosis and alkalosis, which is not the case. Choice D is incorrect because the PaCO2 is not elevated, ruling out respiratory acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
Which patient statement indicates effective understanding of COPD management?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because eating smaller, more frequent meals can help reduce the feeling of breathlessness in COPD patients by avoiding large meals that may put pressure on the diaphragm. This approach can also help maintain energy levels and prevent overeating, which can lead to bloating and increased pressure on the lungs. A is incorrect because limiting physical activity can worsen COPD symptoms by leading to muscle weakness and reduced exercise tolerance. B is incorrect because using a rescue inhaler before every meal is not a standard COPD management practice and may lead to overuse of the medication. D is incorrect because adjusting oxygen flow rate without medical guidance can be dangerous and may result in oxygen levels being too high or too low, which can be harmful to the patient.
Question 3 of 5
What is the nurse's priority for a patient with acute bronchitis and a persistent nonproductive cough?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, encouraging increased fluid intake. This is the priority because it helps to thin and loosen respiratory secretions, making it easier for the patient to cough them up. Adequate hydration also helps to prevent dehydration, which can worsen symptoms. Administering an antitussive (choice A) is not recommended for nonproductive cough as it can suppress the cough reflex and impede clearing of secretions. Teaching about inhaler use (choice C) is important but not the priority in this case. Providing humidified oxygen therapy (choice D) may be necessary in severe cases but is not the priority over addressing hydration.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was hospitalized for increasing shortness of breath and chronic hypoxemia (SaO2 levels of 89% to 90%). In planning for discharge, which action by the nurse will be most effective in improving compliance with discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Arrange for the patient's caregiver to be present during the teaching. Involving the caregiver in the teaching process increases the likelihood of proper understanding and adherence to the discharge instructions. The caregiver can provide additional support and reinforcement for the patient's education, especially in managing COPD symptoms at home. This collaborative approach promotes a more supportive environment for the patient post-discharge. Choice A (Having the patient repeat instructions immediately after teaching) may not be as effective because the patient's understanding and retention of the information may still be limited. Choice B (Patient teaching just before discharge) may not allow enough time for the patient and caregiver to fully grasp and retain the information. Choice D is a duplicate of choice B and does not offer any additional benefit.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who is receiving oxygen therapy is becoming increasingly agitated. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess for signs of hypoxia. When a patient on oxygen therapy becomes agitated, it may indicate hypoxia. Assessing for signs of hypoxia is the priority to ensure the patient's safety and well-being. Other choices are incorrect as notifying the health care provider, reassuring the patient, or assessing blood pressure should come after assessing for hypoxia to address the immediate concern.