A densely populated urban area has a high prevalence of obesity among the residents. The local government is partnering with the health department to build parks and recreation centers to promote physical activity. Which of the following is the most likely system-related barrier the program faces?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Limited financial resources. This is the most likely system-related barrier because building parks and recreation centers require funding, and without adequate financial resources, the program may struggle to implement these initiatives effectively. Choice A (Genetic predisposition to obesity) is incorrect as it is not a system-related barrier but rather a biological factor. Choice B (Lack of community engagement) is incorrect as it pertains to community involvement rather than a system-related barrier. Choice C (Individual client attitudes and beliefs) is incorrect as it focuses on personal factors rather than system-related barriers. Ultimately, limited financial resources pose a significant challenge for the program in building the necessary infrastructure to promote physical activity in the urban area.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it meets the criteria of the SMART approach. Specific: It clearly states the goal of reducing alcohol use by county youth. Measurable: It includes a quantifiable target of decreasing from 5% to 4%. Achievable: The goal is realistic and attainable. Relevant: It addresses a significant issue of alcohol use. Time-bound: It specifies the deadline of December 31. Option A lacks specificity and measurability. Options C and D are incomplete and do not follow the SMART criteria.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, obtaining Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. The IRB ensures that research studies protect participant autonomy and informed consent by reviewing study protocols to ensure ethical standards are met. This process includes assessing risks, benefits, and participant rights. Choice B, following HIPAA guidelines, pertains to protecting patient privacy, not participant autonomy. Choice C, FERPA, relates to educational records privacy, not research participant autonomy. Choice D, ensuring FERPA, is also unrelated to research participant autonomy and informed consent. Therefore, obtaining IRB approval is the correct process to protect participant autonomy in research studies.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the mitigation phase, the focus is on planning and preparing for disasters. Completing a tabletop exercise (Choice D) helps identify gaps in the response plan and improve preparedness. This is crucial for effective disaster management. Simulating a response (Choice A) occurs in the response phase. Placing sandbags (Choice B) is part of the preparedness phase. Preparing a school for housing (Choice C) is part of the response phase. Thus, Choice D is correct for the mitigation phase.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 3 in disaster risk assessment involves conducting a vulnerability assessment to determine the potential impacts on the community. Asking about the estimated damages that would occur with the hazard is crucial in understanding the community's vulnerability level. This question helps assess the community's ability to withstand and recover from the hazard, providing insight into the resources and infrastructure needed for resilience. Choices A, B, and D do not directly address the vulnerability assessment aspect and are more focused on hazard risk assessment or specific impacts, making them less relevant for determining vulnerability.