A cultural phenomenon that is based on biologic variation would include:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it describes a cultural belief that attributes a physical trait (cleft lip) to a specific biological event (exposure to an eclipse during pregnancy). This choice demonstrates a cultural phenomenon based on biologic variation. Choice B is incorrect because it attributes denser bones in blacks to less morbidity from osteoporosis, which is a generalization and not necessarily a cultural phenomenon. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a family dynamic related to healthcare decision-making and not a cultural belief based on biologic variation. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a family tradition related to feasting and decision-making, which does not directly involve biologic variation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: develop. When delegating tasks, it is important for the nurse to choose the most qualified person to ensure safe and effective care. By delegating tasks to someone who needs development, the nurse can provide opportunities for growth and skill enhancement. This benefits both the individual being delegated to and the overall team. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because promoting, punishing, or rewarding someone based on task delegation can lead to bias, unfairness, or inappropriate incentives, which are not conducive to effective delegation practices.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer choice D is correct: 1. The nurse's statement suggests a proposition concerning the constructs of nursing practice, linking human dignity and caring to nursing roles. 2. The nurse is not demonstrating a model of human dignity (A), as they are discussing the relationship between human dignity and nursing practice, not modeling it. 3. The nurse is not evaluating the relevance of Leininger's Theory (B), as the statement does not mention cultural care theory, which is central to Leininger's work. 4. The nurse is not applying Mishel's Theory of Disease Uncertainty (C), as the statement does not discuss uncertainty in illness situations, which is the focus of Mishel's theory. In summary, answer choice D is correct because the nurse is making a proposition regarding the constructs of nursing practice based on the relationship between human dignity and caring in nursing roles.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because setting realistic goals is crucial for managing expectations and promoting effective caregiving. By helping the daughter understand the reality of the situation and setting achievable goals, the nurse can support both the mother's care and the daughter's emotional well-being. Option B does not address the daughter's emotional needs or the importance of realistic expectations. Option C focuses on the patient's perspective rather than the daughter's role as a caregiver. Option D, while beneficial for emotional expression, does not directly address the need for realistic goal-setting in caregiving.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" raised awareness about the mistreatment of vulnerable populations in mental health institutions. It highlighted the need to uphold the rights of such individuals. A is incorrect because the movie did not specifically lead to an increase in funding for mental health care or a shift to institutional care. C is incorrect because while the movie portrayed nurses advocating for patients, it did not necessarily lead to a widespread perception of nurses as advocates for vulnerable populations. D is incorrect because there is no evidence to suggest that funding for nursing traineeships was eliminated as a direct result of the movie.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: those skills necessary for safe, competent nursing practice. Core competencies refer to the essential skills and knowledge required for safe and competent nursing practice. In the scenario provided, the nursing student needs to demonstrate proficiency in indwelling catheter insertion and wound care to meet these core competencies. These skills are crucial for providing quality patient care and ensuring patient safety. Choice A is incorrect because core competencies are not about reducing attrition but rather about ensuring students possess the necessary skills for nursing practice. Choice C is incorrect as core competencies focus on skills required for practice, not on educational remediation. Choice D is incorrect because core competencies are not about improving reading and math skills but about the specific nursing skills needed for practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: mentoring. Mentoring involves an experienced individual guiding and supporting a less experienced individual to help them develop skills, confidence, and knowledge. In this scenario, the certified oncology nurse is providing guidance and support to the novice nurse, helping them gain confidence and improve decision-making and technical skills. Mentoring fosters a personalized and supportive relationship that allows for growth and development. Summary of other choices: B: Role modeling involves observing and emulating behaviors of others, but it does not necessarily involve the direct guidance and support seen in mentoring. C: Preceptorship typically refers to a structured program where a more experienced individual (preceptor) guides a less experienced individual (preceptee) for a specific period, which is more formalized than the relationship described in the scenario. D: Socialization refers to the process of adapting to the norms and values of a group or society, which is not directly related to the mentorship relationship described in the scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Delegating to peers." This response shows self-awareness and willingness to improve by acknowledging a common weakness for novice nurses - difficulty in delegating tasks to peers. It demonstrates a willingness to learn and grow in the role. A: "I have no weaknesses." - This answer lacks self-awareness and does not show a willingness to improve. It comes across as overconfident. B: "Are you trying to set me up?" - This response is defensive and unprofessional. It does not address the question directly. D: "Caring requires weakness." - This answer is vague and does not provide a specific weakness or show a proactive approach to self-improvement.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because waiting for the oncoming shift to start walking rounds is an external distractor that can affect time management. The nurse cannot control when the shift starts, leading to potential delays in task completion. Incorrect choices: B: Failure to delegate tasks is an internal issue, not an external distractor. C: Talking with a patient's family member who is a personal friend is a boundary issue, not necessarily an external distractor. D: Thinking about a vacation is also an internal distraction, not an external one. In summary, the correct answer focuses on an external factor that the nurse cannot directly control, affecting time management, while the other choices are related to internal issues or personal boundaries.