A couple is learning about assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Which method involves retrieving eggs and fertilizing them outside the body?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: In-vitro fertilization (IVF). In IVF, eggs are retrieved from the ovaries and fertilized with sperm in a laboratory dish. This method involves fertilization outside the body, making it the correct choice. A: Intrauterine insemination (IUI) involves placing washed sperm directly into the uterus, not fertilizing eggs outside the body. C: Ovarian stimulation is a process to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs but does not involve fertilization outside the body. D: Egg freezing is a method where eggs are frozen for future use but does not involve fertilization outside the body.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal of using gonadotropins in fertility treatments is to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. This increases the chances of successful fertilization and pregnancy. Gonadotropins mimic the natural hormones that regulate ovulation and stimulate the growth of follicles in the ovaries. By producing multiple eggs, there is a higher likelihood of at least one egg being successfully fertilized. Choice A is incorrect because gonadotropins actually stimulate ovulation rather than suppress it. Choice C is incorrect as gonadotropins do not prevent hormonal fluctuations but rather help regulate and induce controlled hormonal changes. Choice D is incorrect as the primary goal of using gonadotropins is not to enhance uterine lining growth but rather to stimulate egg production in the ovaries.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To trigger the release of mature eggs from the ovary. hCG injections are commonly used in fertility treatments to induce ovulation by mimicking the hormone LH, which triggers the release of mature eggs from the ovary. This is crucial for assisted reproductive techniques like in vitro fertilization. A: Incorrect. hCG injections do not prevent ovulation; instead, they promote it. C: Incorrect. hCG injections do not directly enhance the quality of embryos. D: Incorrect. hCG injections are not used to suppress uterine contractions post-implantation; they are primarily for ovulation induction.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: - Smoking is known to have negative effects on reproductive health, reducing fertility in both men and women. - Quitting smoking can improve reproductive outcomes and increase chances of conception. - Smoking can harm egg and sperm quality, leading to infertility issues. - Other choices are incorrect as moderate exercise, carbohydrates, and increased caffeine intake do not directly impact fertility.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Moderate caffeine intake is generally considered safe during preconception as excessive intake may affect fertility. 2. Studies show that moderate caffeine consumption doesn't significantly impact fertility. 3. Advising complete elimination may be overly restrictive and challenging for patients. 4. Caffeine can affect both male and female fertility, not just male fertility. 5. Emphasizing moderation allows for informed decision-making and realistic lifestyle changes. Summary of other choices: B: Incorrect - Caffeine does not improve ovulation or increase conception chances. C: Incorrect - Complete elimination of caffeine is unnecessary for successful conception. D: Incorrect - Caffeine intake can affect both male and female fertility, not limited to male fertility.