ATI RN
Endocrine System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A congenital condition that includes mental retardation, short disproportional body size, and a thick tongue and neck is caused by __________.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The congenital condition described points towards a disorder affecting growth and development. Step 2: The symptoms of mental retardation, short body size, and thick neck suggest hypothyroidism. Step 3: Thyroxin is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism and growth. Step 4: A deficiency of thyroxin in congenital hypothyroidism leads to the described symptoms. Step 5: Therefore, the correct answer is C: deficiency of thyroxin. Summary: A: Insulin deficiency does not match the symptoms described. B: Thymosin deficiency is not related to growth and mental retardation. D: Excess of synthetic growth hormone would not cause mental retardation and thick neck.
Question 2 of 5
Which connective tissue layer surrounds the biceps femoris muscle belly, separating it from the rest of the body?
Correct Answer: a
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epimysium. Epimysium is the dense connective tissue layer that surrounds the entire muscle belly, providing structural support and protection. It separates the biceps femoris muscle from surrounding tissues. Perimysium (B) surrounds bundles of muscle fibers within the muscle belly, while endomysium (C) surrounds individual muscle fibers. Blood (D) is not a connective tissue layer but a fluid tissue responsible for transporting nutrients and waste products. Therefore, the epimysium is the correct choice as it specifically surrounds the biceps femoris muscle belly.
Question 3 of 5
Iodine-containing hormones:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because iodine-containing hormones, such as thyroid hormones, regulate the metabolic rate by influencing the body's energy production and utilization. TSH (choice A) is not an iodine-containing hormone but a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones. Hypothalamus releasing hormones (choice B) are not iodine-containing hormones. Steroids (choice C) are a different class of hormones that do not contain iodine. In summary, choice D is correct as iodine-containing hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolic rate, while the other choices are incorrect as they do not accurately describe this function.
Question 4 of 5
“Sugar, salt, and sex†is descriptive of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: cortisol, aldosterone, and testosterone. "Sugar, salt, and sex" refers to hormones produced by the adrenal glands. Cortisol regulates sugar metabolism, aldosterone regulates salt balance, and testosterone is involved in sexual characteristics. A: ACTH, TSH, and somatotropic hormone are hormones produced by the pituitary gland. C: Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and estrogen are not directly related to the terms given. D: Insulin, glucagon, and cortisol are involved in glucose regulation, but do not match the specific terms provided.
Question 5 of 5
The only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: insulin. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and helps lower blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells for energy or storage. Glucagon (A) raises blood glucose levels, epinephrine (C) and cortisol (D) also increase blood glucose levels by stimulating the release of glucose from storage sites.