A condition in which the bronchi become permanently dilated is

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bronchiectasis. Bronchiectasis is a condition where the bronchi become permanently dilated due to chronic inflammation and infection. This leads to the destruction of the bronchial walls. Rationale: 1. Bronchiectasis specifically refers to permanent dilation of bronchi. 2. Bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchi but does not result in permanent dilation. 3. Asthma is characterized by reversible airway obstruction due to inflammation and bronchoconstriction. 4. Pneumonia is an infection in the lungs, not a condition causing permanent bronchial dilation. Summary: Bronchiectasis is the correct answer as it accurately describes the permanent dilation of bronchi, distinguishing it from the other choices which involve different mechanisms and outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased appetite. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by an overactive thyroid gland, leading to increased metabolism and energy expenditure. This increased metabolic rate often results in an increased appetite as the body requires more fuel to sustain this heightened activity level. Reduced perspiration (A), weight gain (B), and slowed pulse (C) are not typical symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Reduced perspiration is not directly related to thyroid function, weight gain is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism, and a slowed pulse is usually indicative of a lower metabolic rate, which is the opposite of what occurs in hyperthyroidism.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Foot drop. Weakness of muscles in the feet and ankles results in foot drop, causing difficulty in lifting the front part of the foot. This occurs due to damage to the peroneal nerve or muscles in the lower leg. Pronation (A) and supination (B) refer to movements of the foot and ankle, not weakness. Phlebitis (D) is inflammation of a vein, unrelated to muscle weakness in the feet and ankles.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cancer. Tube feeding may be necessary for individuals with cancer who are unable to consume adequate nutrients orally due to symptoms like difficulty swallowing, nausea, or reduced appetite. Cancer can also increase metabolic demands, making it essential to provide nutrition through a feeding tube. Depression (A) does not directly necessitate tube feeding. Dialysis (C) and anaphylaxis (D) are acute conditions that typically do not require long-term tube feeding.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: At 3 months. A probationary performance review is typically conducted early in an employee's tenure to assess their performance and suitability for the role. This review occurs at 3 months to provide timely feedback and address any concerns early on. Waiting until 6, 9, or 18 months would be too late to address any performance issues or make necessary adjustments. Therefore, conducting the probationary review at 3 months allows for effective evaluation and support for the new employee.