ATI RN
Cardiovascular Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A complication of peripheral vascular disease may be:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: stasis ulcer. Peripheral vascular disease causes poor blood circulation in the extremities, leading to tissue damage and ulcers, particularly in the lower legs and feet. Stasis ulcers are a common complication due to decreased blood flow. Pressure ulcers (B) are caused by prolonged pressure on the skin, not related to vascular disease. Gastric ulcer (C) and duodenal ulcer (D) are typically associated with gastrointestinal issues, such as Helicobacter pylori infection or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, and are not directly related to peripheral vascular disease.
Question 2 of 5
A child has been diagnosed with rheumatic fever. Which statement by the mother indicates an understanding of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I should avoid giving my child aspirin for the arthritic pain." Aspirin should be avoided in rheumatic fever due to the risk of Reye's syndrome. Aspirin can worsen the condition, leading to serious complications. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Penicillin is given to prevent recurrent streptococcal infections, not until the age of 20. C: Gown, gloves, and mask are not necessary for rheumatic fever, as it is not highly contagious. D: Keeping the child away from his sister is not necessary, as rheumatic fever is not spread through casual contact.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is discharging a client to home with a new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation.. The nurse explains that which of the following is the most important symptoms to report to the physician?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Irregular pulse. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregular heartbeat, which can lead to serious complications like blood clots and stroke. Reporting an irregular pulse to the physician is crucial for prompt evaluation and management. Fever (B) is not typically associated with atrial fibrillation. Fatigue (C) is a common symptom but not as urgent as an irregular pulse. Hemoptysis (D) is coughing up blood and is not directly related to atrial fibrillation.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following suggestions should the nurse include when conducting health teaching for clients with arterial insufficiency?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Arterial insufficiency is caused by decreased blood flow to the extremities. Step 2: Avoiding long periods of sitting and standing helps improve blood circulation. Step 3: Increased mobility prevents blood pooling and promotes better tissue perfusion. Step 4: Keeping legs raised may help temporarily, but prolonged elevation can worsen arterial flow. Step 5: Decreasing ambulation worsens arterial insufficiency by reducing blood flow. Step 6: Applying moist heat can increase vasodilation, worsening the condition. Summary: Choice A is correct as it promotes circulation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they can worsen arterial insufficiency by impeding blood flow or increasing vasodilation.
Question 5 of 5
A 75-year-old individual is admitted with a diagnosis of left-sided heart failure and is administered Lasix 80 mg by slow IV push. Which nursing assessment indicates that the Lasix (furosemide) is NOT having the desired effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oliguria. In a patient with heart failure, Lasix is given to promote diuresis and reduce fluid overload. Oliguria, or decreased urine output, indicates that the Lasix is not effectively removing excess fluid from the body. This is a crucial assessment as it may suggest worsening heart failure or possible renal insufficiency. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: B: Decrease in blood pressure - This could be an expected effect of Lasix, as it helps reduce fluid volume, leading to decreased blood pressure. C: Absence of crackles - This indicates that there is a reduction in pulmonary congestion, which is a desired effect of Lasix. D: Polydipsia - This refers to increased thirst, which may be a side effect of Lasix but does not necessarily indicate treatment failure.