A community nurse has collected rates of alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents involving teenagers. Which action should the nurse take next?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action for the community nurse to take is option C) Diagnose the community with ineffective health management patterns related to the high levels of drunk driving. This option is the most appropriate because it involves a systematic assessment of the community's health management patterns, which is crucial for understanding the root causes of the issue. Option A is incorrect because simply developing a plan without understanding the underlying reasons for the high rates of alcohol-related accidents may not address the core issues effectively. Option B, while promoting education, focuses solely on high school students and does not encompass the broader community perspective that option C provides. It is essential to consider factors beyond just the students to create a comprehensive solution. Option D, establishing support groups for teenagers with alcohol abuse, addresses the issue after it has already occurred rather than proactively addressing the community-wide patterns contributing to the problem. In the field of pharmacology and health promotion, understanding community health patterns is essential for developing targeted interventions that address the specific needs of the population. By diagnosing the community's ineffective health management patterns related to drunk driving, the nurse can implement strategies to promote behavior change and prevent future alcohol-related accidents effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, option A demonstrates poor sensitivity in the context of using a sweat test to screen for cystic fibrosis. Sensitivity refers to the test's ability to correctly identify individuals who have the condition (true positives). When 6 out of every 10 sweat tests are negative, but those individuals actually have cystic fibrosis, it indicates a lack of sensitivity because the test is failing to detect the disease in individuals who truly have it. Option B is incorrect because if 6 out of 10 tests are positive but individuals do not have cystic fibrosis, it suggests specificity issues (false positives) rather than sensitivity problems. Option C is incorrect as it describes a scenario where the test correctly identifies individuals without cystic fibrosis (true negatives), which indicates good specificity, not sensitivity. Option D is also incorrect as it portrays a situation where the test correctly identifies individuals with cystic fibrosis (true positives), reflecting both sensitivity and specificity. In an educational context, understanding sensitivity is crucial when evaluating diagnostic tests. A test with poor sensitivity may lead to missed diagnoses, impacting patient care and treatment. Nurses and healthcare professionals must grasp the concepts of sensitivity and specificity to interpret test results accurately and make informed clinical decisions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) website. The USPSTF is a reputable organization that provides evidence-based recommendations for clinical preventive services, including screening for cervical cancer with Pap smears. By visiting their website, the nurse can access the most up-to-date guidelines on when women should undergo Pap smears based on age, risk factors, and previous screening results. Option A) National Health Information Center is a general health information resource and may not specifically provide the latest guidelines on Pap smears. Option B) Healthy People 2020 is a government initiative that sets objectives for improving the health of Americans but does not provide specific recommendations on Pap smear intervals. Option D) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website offers valuable health information, but the USPSTF is specifically tasked with reviewing evidence and providing recommendations on preventive services, making it the most appropriate resource for this question in a women's health clinic setting.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Can Type 2 diabetes be detected by screening? Rationale: - The correct answer focuses on the key aspect of the nurse's assessment, which is the feasibility of detecting Type 2 diabetes through screening. This question is crucial as it directly addresses the goal of identifying individuals who may have the condition. - Answer A is incorrect because while understanding the health benefits of screening is important, the primary concern at this stage is the feasibility of detection. - Answer B is incorrect as determining whether Type 2 diabetes is a community problem is relevant but not as immediate as assessing the screening feasibility. - Answer D is incorrect as evaluating the cost-benefit ratio is important but secondary to confirming the detectability of Type 2 diabetes through screening. Educational context: Understanding the rationale behind selecting the correct question is vital for nurses as it guides their decision-making process in community health assessments. By prioritizing the identification of screening feasibility, nurses can effectively plan and implement targeted interventions to address Type 2 diabetes within the community, thus improving health outcomes. This critical thinking skill is essential for nurses to provide evidence-based care and promote health promotion strategies effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "Perceived susceptibility in the community about getting influenza," is the correct consideration to make when using the health belief model to increase influenza vaccination rates. The health belief model posits that individuals are more likely to take action to prevent a disease if they believe they are susceptible to it. By addressing the community's perceived susceptibility to influenza, the nurse can tailor the campaign to emphasize the risk of contracting the illness and the importance of vaccination. Option A, "How empowerment can be used to motivate community members," is not directly related to the health belief model's core principles. While empowerment can be a valuable tool in health promotion campaigns, it is not the primary focus of the health belief model. Option B, "How modeling can be used in the community to increase public awareness," is more aligned with social learning theory than the health belief model. While modeling can influence behavior, the health belief model specifically emphasizes individual beliefs about susceptibility, severity, benefits of action, and barriers to action. Option D, "Perceived stage of behavior change that exists in the community," is important in the transtheoretical model of behavior change but is not a central concept in the health belief model. The health belief model focuses on perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers to taking action rather than specific stages of behavior change. In an educational context, understanding the principles of health behavior models is crucial for healthcare professionals when designing effective health promotion campaigns. By applying the correct model and considering relevant factors like perceived susceptibility, nurses can tailor interventions to effectively promote healthy behaviors within communities.