A community health nurse is overwhelmed with all that needs to be done in one day. Which task could most easily be postponed?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because reviewing hospital patient data is not directly related to immediate community health nursing tasks. This task can be postponed without compromising ongoing patient care or community health programs. In contrast, options B, C, and D involve critical decision-making and evaluation processes that directly impact the effectiveness and success of community health initiatives. Deciding on new clinic options, evaluating screening program results, and giving testimony to the state legislature are all time-sensitive tasks that require immediate attention to ensure the well-being of the community and compliance with regulations. Prioritizing tasks based on urgency and impact on community health outcomes is essential in managing workload effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because working with the public health department to restrict smoking in public is an upstream factor that addresses the root cause of hypertension by reducing exposure to a risk factor (smoking). This approach focuses on population-level interventions to prevent the development of chronic illnesses. A is incorrect as nutritional classes address individual behaviors, not population-level factors. B focuses on individual behavior change related to smoking, which is downstream from the root cause of hypertension. D is also incorrect as chair yoga classes, while beneficial for seniors, do not address the underlying factors contributing to hypertension in the community.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Option A is correct as it involves engaging in policy initiatives which are considered upstream interventions in public health. Upstream interventions target the root causes of health issues at a population level. Policy initiatives can lead to systemic changes that impact the health of entire communities. Options B, C, and D are more focused on individual or downstream interventions, which address health issues after they have already occurred and do not target the underlying causes on a larger scale.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Self-efficacy. Self-efficacy in the Health Belief Model refers to an individual's belief in their ability to successfully perform a behavior, such as quitting smoking. In this scenario, the client expressing doubt in their ability to quit indicates a lack of self-efficacy. This belief can greatly impact their motivation and likelihood of success in behavior change. Summary: A: Susceptibility relates to the individual's belief in their vulnerability to a health condition, not their confidence in behavior change. C: Severity pertains to the individual's perception of the seriousness of the health condition, not their belief in their ability to make a change. D: Cue to action refers to external stimuli triggering behavior change, not the individual's confidence in their ability to perform the behavior.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Preparation. In the Transtheoretical Model of health behavior change, the Preparation stage signifies that the individual is actively preparing to make a change within the next month. In this case, the client has already taken steps to eliminate processed foods most days of the week, indicating a readiness to change. However, the struggle to consistently add fruits and vegetables shows that the change is not fully implemented yet, placing the client in the Preparation stage. Choice A: Pre-contemplation is incorrect because the client is already taking action to change her eating habits. Choice B: Contemplation is incorrect as the client has moved past just thinking about changing her behavior. Choice D: Action is incorrect because the client has not fully implemented the desired change yet, but is actively preparing for it.