ATI RN
Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A community health nurse has been visiting a postpartum client who suffered domestic violence throughout the pregnancy, and now the infant may be at risk. The nurse assisted the client in finding shelter and legal protection. The nurse's role and the conceptual framework involved are:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: case manager, according to Peplau's interpersonal relations model. In this scenario, the nurse is coordinating resources and services for the client, which aligns with the role of a case manager. Peplau's model emphasizes the therapeutic relationship between the nurse and client, focusing on understanding the client's needs and providing support. The nurse in this situation is not just providing direct care (caregiver), advocating for change (change agent), or focusing solely on cultural aspects (translator). The nurse's role as a case manager involves addressing the client's complex needs, coordinating care, and advocating for the client's well-being, making it the most appropriate choice in this context.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse develops a new nursing theory related to stress and viability. The nurse determines the theory accounts for historical events in which soldiers suffering from the stress of inadequate clothing to protect them from the cold and lack of correspondence from home had an increased mortality related to gunshot wounds. The theory will predict gunshot victims' need for proper clothing and letters from significant others as they serve in Iraq. Which criterion for theory acceptance is being validated?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Accuracy. The nurse's theory is being validated based on its ability to accurately predict the need for proper clothing and letters from significant others for soldiers serving in Iraq. This criterion is essential for theory acceptance as it demonstrates the theory's ability to make accurate predictions based on historical events. Inclusiveness (A) refers to the theory's ability to encompass a wide range of phenomena, which is not explicitly demonstrated in this scenario. Consistency (B) refers to the theory's internal coherence and agreement with existing knowledge, which is not the focus of the nurse's validation process in this case. Simplicity (D) refers to the theory's clarity and parsimony, which is not the primary criterion being validated here. In summary, accuracy is the most relevant criterion being validated in this scenario as the nurse's theory is being assessed based on its predictive accuracy in relation to the soldiers' needs in Iraq.
Question 3 of 5
A group of nurses are interested in the how to improve teaching effectiveness for patients who have a hearing impairment and lack family involvement while hospitalized. They believe "hearing loss decreases the teaching effectiveness while hospitalized." The group plans to evaluate teaching effectiveness using a 10-point Likert scale pre-post teaching, perform a hearing test to determine degree of hearing loss on admission, and have social work evaluate the impact of hearing impairment on patient's ability to safely live alone prior to discharge. The group is working in which step of the scientific process?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Method. In the scientific process, the method refers to designing and planning the research study. In this scenario, the group of nurses is planning how to improve teaching effectiveness for patients with hearing impairment, which involves designing the study by using a Likert scale pre-post teaching evaluation, conducting a hearing test, and involving social work for evaluation. This step focuses on determining how the research will be carried out, including data collection methods and procedures. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Hypothesis - This step involves formulating a testable prediction based on observations or existing knowledge. C: Results - This step involves analyzing the data collected and drawing conclusions. D: Evaluation - This step involves assessing the effectiveness or outcomes of the research study.
Question 4 of 5
A public health nurse is interested in determining which educational programs are needed in the aggregates served. The researcher personally interviews individuals who are walking on the streets in the community. This type of research design is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: survey. In this scenario, the nurse is conducting personal interviews with individuals to gather information about educational program needs. Surveys involve collecting data from a sample of individuals through questioning, making it suitable for this situation. A: Quasi-experimental designs involve manipulation of variables and comparison of groups, which is not evident in this scenario. C: Case studies focus on in-depth analysis of a single case or a small group, not the entire community as in this case. D: Ethnography involves studying a group's culture and behavior over an extended period, which is not the main focus of the nurse's research.
Question 5 of 5
The research hypothesis is that aromatherapy reduces stress more effectively than does acupuncture. The researcher does not identify a control group. This study would be a(n) design.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: experimental design. In an experimental design, the researcher manipulates one variable (aromatherapy vs. acupuncture) to observe its effect on another variable (stress). Without a control group, it is impossible to establish a baseline for comparison. A control group is essential to isolate the effects of the treatment from other variables. Quasi-experimental designs lack random assignment, surveys are used to gather data rather than test hypotheses, and meta-analyses involve combining and analyzing results from multiple studies.