A community health nurse determines exactly how many cases of a particular disease were occurring in the community. Which action should be taken by the nurse before determining which intervention should be planned?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Comparing current rate with previous rate helps identify trends and if disease is increasing or decreasing. Step 2: This information is crucial to determine the urgency and effectiveness of interventions. Step 3: It guides the nurse in selecting appropriate strategies based on the disease trend. Step 4: This step is essential before planning any intervention, as it provides a baseline for decision-making. Summary: - Option B is incorrect because inaction is not an appropriate response for a public health nurse. - Option C is incorrect as reporting to the state health department comes after assessing the situation. - Option D is incomplete. The correct answer is A because it is essential for informed decision-making in planning interventions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and treating diseases to prevent complications and further deterioration. Step 2: Providing treatment for clients with COPD falls under tertiary prevention as it aims to manage the existing condition. Step 3: Immunizations (choice A) are an example of primary prevention to prevent the onset of diseases. Step 4: Screening for cancer (choice B) is a form of secondary prevention to detect diseases early. Step 5: Therefore, choice C is correct as it aligns with the goals of tertiary prevention.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because teaching the client how to monitor blood glucose levels at home empowers them to actively manage their condition. This intervention promotes self-care by enabling the client to track their glucose levels regularly and make informed decisions about their diet and lifestyle. Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial in managing gestational diabetes effectively. A: Providing a list of local support groups may be beneficial for emotional support but does not directly address self-care through blood glucose monitoring. C: Giving a strict diet plan is important, but it is not as effective as teaching the client to monitor their own blood glucose levels. D: Scheduling weekly checkups is helpful for monitoring progress, but it does not promote the same level of self-care as teaching the client to monitor their own blood glucose levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Place the baby on a firm sleep surface. This is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics to reduce the risk of SIDS. Firm surfaces prevent suffocation and provide a safe sleep environment for infants. Option A may not directly impact SIDS risk. Option C increases the risk of suffocation and SIDS. Option D increases the risk of overheating and suffocation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because by learning about each family's cultural practices and beliefs related to food and health, the nurse can tailor the information to be culturally sensitive and relevant. This promotes trust and respect, leading to better engagement. Providing standardized guidelines (A) may not consider individual cultural differences. Implementing interventions based on personal beliefs (C) can be biased and may not align with the families' needs. Encouraging only specific food options (D) may not respect cultural preferences and could hinder engagement.