A community citizen reports to the public health nurse that the city water in one neighborhood has had an unusual taste for the past few months. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check the most recent consumer confidence report. This is the first step because it provides specific information on water quality issues in the neighborhood. By reviewing the report, the nurse can determine if there have been any recent water quality concerns or violations. This helps in understanding the current situation and taking appropriate action. Choice B (Consult the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) is incorrect because they focus more on disease prevention and control rather than water quality specifically. Choice C (Notify the Environmental Protection Agency) is incorrect as they handle broader environmental issues, not immediate water quality concerns. Choice D does not provide any option.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Environmental justice. Environmental justice is the principle that all individuals, regardless of race or socioeconomic status, have the right to equal protection from environmental risks. In this scenario, the nurse would oppose the city dump near a poor and predominantly African-American community because it violates the principle of environmental justice by disproportionately exposing this community to environmental hazards. Summary of incorrect choices: B: Environmental epidemiology focuses on studying the distribution and determinants of diseases in populations, not on environmental justice principles. C: Tertiary prevention involves managing and treating complications of existing diseases, not related to opposing unjust environmental decisions. D: Risk communication involves effectively communicating risks and hazards to the public, which is not directly related to opposing unjust environmental actions based on principles of justice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Evaluation. In this scenario, the nurse is assessing the effectiveness of the community-wide education intervention by examining blood lead levels in school-age children after 1 year. Evaluation involves determining the outcomes of nursing interventions to see if the desired goals have been achieved. This phase focuses on measuring the effectiveness of the intervention and making decisions based on the results. A: Assessment is the phase where data is collected and analyzed to identify health problems. B: Diagnosis involves identifying the health problems based on the assessment data. C: Intervention is implementing the nursing care plan to address the identified health problems.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Communicate the correct information in a timely fashion. This is because effectively communicating accurate information in a timely manner is crucial in addressing environmental hazards. By providing correct information, the nurse can help reduce misinformation and fear, which is essential in risk communication. Choice A is incorrect because advertising in the media throughout the entire surrounding area may lead to unnecessary panic and outrage without providing accurate information. Choice D is incorrect because sharing all data found on the community assessment may overwhelm the public and could potentially cause confusion or unnecessary alarm. In summary, choice C is the best option as it aligns with the principles of risk and outrage communication, while the other choices may lead to negative consequences.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Genetics play a significant role in health, but they do not solely determine an individual's health outcomes. 2. Health is influenced by a combination of genetics and environmental factors. 3. Choice B incorrectly implies that genetics alone dictate health and diagnoses. 4. The other choices (A, C, D) acknowledge the multifactorial nature of health outcomes, thus are correct.