A client9s body uses physiologic mechanisms from within to respond to internal changes and maintain an essential balance. This process is known as:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: homeostasis. Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain internal stability and balance in response to changes in the external environment. It involves various physiological mechanisms that regulate temperature, blood pressure, pH levels, and other vital functions. Homeostasis ensures that the body functions optimally and stays within a narrow range of conditions necessary for life. Choice A, stress, refers to the body's response to external challenges and is not the process of maintaining internal balance. Choice C, self-regulation, is a broader term that can encompass various processes, including homeostasis but does not specifically refer to the maintenance of internal balance. Choice D, fight-or-flight response, is a specific physiological response triggered by perceived threats and is not the same as the overall process of homeostasis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cultural assimilation. This family is actively adapting to the new culture by learning the language, sending children to public school, and working. Assimilation involves adopting the practices and values of the new culture while maintaining aspects of their own. Culture shock (A) is the disorientation experienced when encountering a new culture. Cultural blindness (C) is the inability to recognize or appreciate other cultures. Cultural imposition (D) is forcing one's own culture onto others, which is not demonstrated in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Democratic. Shared decision-making with staff nurses demonstrates a democratic leadership style, where the leader involves the team in decision-making processes. This fosters collaboration, empowerment, and autonomy among team members, leading to increased job satisfaction and productivity. Autocratic leadership (choice A) is characterized by a top-down approach with little input from team members. Laissez-faire leadership (choice C) is hands-off and lacks guidance or direction, which can lead to confusion and lack of accountability. Situational leadership (choice D) involves adapting leadership style based on the situation, which can include elements of both autocratic and democratic styles, but in this context, shared decision-making aligns more closely with a democratic leadership approach.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of nursing education and licensure, passing the NCLEX-RN is a common prerequisite for obtaining licensure as a registered nurse (RN) for both Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) and Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) graduates. The NCLEX-RN is a standardized exam that assesses the knowledge and skills necessary for entry-level nursing practice. It is administered by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) and passing this exam is a requirement for RN licensure in the United States. Option A, completion of a clinical practicum, while an essential component of nursing education, is not a prerequisite for obtaining licensure as an RN. It is a requirement during nursing programs to provide hands-on clinical experience, but passing the NCLEX-RN is the key step towards licensure. Option B, passing the NCLEX-PN, is incorrect because the NCLEX-PN is specifically designed for graduates of practical or vocational nursing programs, not for ADN or BSN graduates seeking RN licensure. Option C, completion of a doctoral program, is not a prerequisite for obtaining licensure as an RN. While further education such as a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) may be pursued for advanced practice roles, it is not a requirement for initial RN licensure. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for nursing students preparing for licensure exams and for educators guiding students through the licensure process. It underscores the importance of preparing students effectively for the NCLEX-RN as a significant milestone in their nursing careers.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Virginia Henderson. Virginia Henderson was a prominent nurse theorist who developed the influential concept of the "14 Basic Needs of the Patient" and defined nursing as helping individuals achieve their highest level of independence in activities of daily living. This definition emphasizes the importance of nurses assisting patients in meeting their basic needs and promoting self-care. Option A) Faye Abdellah is known for her theory of "21 Nursing Problems," which focuses on patient-centered care and nursing education. While her work is significant, it does not directly address the definition of nursing provided in the question. Option B) Patricia Benner is known for her "Novice to Expert" theory, which describes the stages of nursing proficiency. While her theory is valuable in understanding nursing skill acquisition, it does not define nursing in the context presented in the question. Option C) Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of modern nursing and emphasized sanitation and hygiene in nursing practice. While her contributions to nursing are immense, her definition of nursing does not align with the specific definition provided in the question. Understanding nursing theories and their respective definitions is crucial for nursing students as it provides a theoretical framework for their practice. Virginia Henderson's definition highlights the holistic nature of nursing care and the goal of promoting patient independence and well-being. This knowledge helps students develop a solid foundation for delivering patient-centered care and understanding the core principles of the nursing profession.