A client with uterine cancer asks the nurse, “Which is the most common type of cancer in women?” The nurse replies that it’s breast cancer. Which type of cancer causes the most deaths in women?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lung cancer. Lung cancer causes the most deaths in women due to its high mortality rate. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to poorer outcomes. Breast cancer, although common, has a lower mortality rate compared to lung cancer. Brain cancer is relatively rare in comparison. Colon and rectal cancer, while significant, do not surpass lung cancer in terms of causing the most deaths in women.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it is specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) - the patient verbalizing a decreased pain level less than 3 on a 0 to 10 scale by the end of this shift. This outcome is immediate, concrete, and directly related to the goal of managing pain. Choice B is incorrect as it lacks specificity and a clear timeframe for evaluation. Choice C is incorrect because the outcome is vague and does not specify when the patient needs to understand the dietary changes. Choice D is incorrect because the timeframe is provided but the outcome is not specific enough and does not directly relate to the goal of pain management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A, overstimulation of the parathyroid hormone. After a thyroidectomy, there is a risk of unintentional damage to the parathyroid glands, leading to hypoparathyroidism. Circumoral tingling, positive Chvostek’s sign, and positive Trousseau’s sign are classic signs of hypocalcemia resulting from parathyroid insufficiency. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not explain the specific symptoms observed in Emil, which are indicative of low calcium levels due to parathyroid dysfunction.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because rifampin can cause discoloration of bodily fluids, including tears. If clients wear contact lenses, they need to be informed that the lenses may become colored due to this medication. This is important for the client's awareness and to prevent any potential harm to their eyes. A: Taking medication with meals is not necessary for rifampin administration. C: Avoiding wearing glasses is not relevant to rifampin treatment. D: Avoiding tuna, aged cheese, and red wine is not specifically related to rifampin use.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Providing a solution of hydrogen peroxide and water as a mouth rinse helps in reducing the pain of stomatitis by promoting oral hygiene and preventing infections. Step 2: Hydrogen peroxide has antimicrobial properties that can help in reducing bacteria in the mouth, which can worsen stomatitis. Step 3: Rinsing with this solution can also help in cleansing the oral mucosa and reducing inflammation, thereby decreasing pain. Step 4: This intervention directly addresses the nursing diagnosis of impaired oral mucous membrane and is focused on symptom management. Summary: A: Recommending the client to discontinue chemotherapy is not a feasible option as it is essential for treating cancer. C: Monitoring platelet and leukocyte counts is important but does not directly address the pain of stomatitis. D: Checking for signs and symptoms is necessary but does not provide direct relief for the pain of stomatitis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: “You’ll need more insulin when you exercise or increase your food intake.” In type 1 diabetes, exercise and increased food intake can lead to increased glucose levels, requiring more insulin to maintain blood sugar control. Increasing physical activity can enhance insulin sensitivity, necessitating adjustments in insulin dosage. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the physiological response in type 1 diabetes. B suggests needing less insulin when exercising, which is inaccurate as physical activity can lower blood sugar levels. C implies needing less insulin with increased food intake, which is incorrect as more food can lead to higher glucose levels. D suggests needing more insulin when decreasing food intake, which is not necessarily true as lower food intake can result in lower glucose levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Drinking cranberry juice. Cranberry juice is known to help reduce urinary odor due to its acidic nature which can help eliminate bacteria that cause odor. It also helps to maintain urinary tract health. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Eating spicy foods can actually increase body odor and may not have any impact on urinary odor. C: Foods like eggs, asparagus, or cheese may contribute to strong body odor but do not specifically address urinary odor. D: Drinking tea, coffee, and colas can potentially worsen urinary odor due to their caffeine content and impact on urinary tract health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, suggesting the use of glasses or contact lenses. This is because as older clients experience lens changes associated with aging, they may develop presbyopia or other vision issues that can be corrected with corrective lenses. Glasses or contact lenses can help improve their vision and quality of life. A, offering teaching aids with large-sized letters, may be helpful for clients with visual impairments but may not directly address the specific lens changes associated with aging. B, suggesting reduced visual activity, is not beneficial as it may further limit the client's engagement in daily activities and social interactions. C, suggesting the use of eye drops for comfort, may provide temporary relief for dry eyes but does not address the underlying lens changes affecting vision.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Performing a physical examination. This method allows the nurse to collect objective data directly from the patient, which is crucial in establishing a comprehensive patient database. By assessing the patient's physical condition, the nurse can gather vital information such as vital signs, overall health status, and potential areas of concern. Reviewing literature (A) and checking orders for tests (B) may provide additional insights but are not direct data collection methods. Ordering medications (D) is a treatment intervention, not a data collection method.