A client with type 2 diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine (Lantus). Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Insulin glargine, a long-acting basal insulin, provides steady glucose control without a peak. Mixing it with regular insulin is incorrect'glargine's pH precipitates if combined, altering its action, indicating a teaching need. Same-time injection ensures consistency. Overnight control and no peak align with its 24-hour, flat profile. The misconception about mixing risks erratic glucose levels, critical in type 2 diabetes where stability is key. Further teaching must clarify glargine's unique formulation, preventing administration errors that could lead to hypo- or hyperglycemia, making B the statement requiring correction.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Bromocriptine, a dopamine D2 agonist used in Parkinson's, has ergot alkaloid properties, which can cause vasospasm by stimulating vascular smooth muscle receptors, occasionally leading to Raynaud's-like symptoms or digital ischemia. Amantadine, an NMDA antagonist, enhances dopamine release but lacks vasoconstrictive effects. Carbidopa inhibits dopa decarboxylase, aiding levodopa delivery without vascular impact. Entacapone, a COMT inhibitor, extends levodopa's duration but doesn't affect vessels. Ropinirole, a non-ergot agonist, avoids vasospasm. Bromocriptine's ergot-derived vasoconstriction, though rare, distinguishes it among antiparkinsonian drugs, requiring caution in patients with vascular risks.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Conventional antipsychotics (e.g., haloperidol) cause anticholinergic effects like urinary retention , a potential emergency risking bladder damage, requiring immediate reporting. Dystonia is extrapyramidal, not anticholinergic. Headache and hypertension aren't typical anticholinergic signs. D prioritizes urgent intervention, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rifabutin, metabolized by CYP3A4, is affected by inhibitors. Zidovudine, enfuvirtide, and nevirapine don't strongly inhibit CYP3A4. St John's wort induces it, lowering levels. Ritonavir, a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor, significantly slows rifabutin metabolism, raising levels and toxicity risk (e.g., uveitis), the most impactful. This interaction requires dose adjustment, critical in HIV-TB co-treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent administration of certain types of drugs: Some foods can interact with certain medications, either reducing their effectiveness or causing potentially harmful side effects. Therefore, it may be necessary to limit or avoid specific foods when taking certain medications.