A client with thrombocytopenia secondary to leukemia develops epistaxis. The nurse should instruct the client to:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sit upright, leaning slightly forward. This position helps to minimize blood flow to the head, reducing the risk of increased bleeding. It also prevents blood from flowing down the throat, reducing the risk of aspiration. A: Lying supine with the neck extended can increase pressure on the blood vessels in the head, potentially worsening the epistaxis. C: Blowing the nose and putting lateral pressure can disrupt any clots that may have formed and increase bleeding. D: Holding the nose while bending forward at the waist can lead to blood flowing down the throat and increase the risk of aspiration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Neutrophil. Neutrophils are the most numerous type of WBC, typically comprising 50-70% of total WBC count. They are key players in the body's immune response, phagocytizing pathogens. Basophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes are less numerous than neutrophils. Basophils are involved in allergic reactions, eosinophils combat parasitic infections, and lymphocytes play a critical role in adaptive immunity. However, in terms of sheer numbers, neutrophils outnumber the other types of WBC.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the patient expressing fear of going home and being alone indicates apprehension about discharge. This inference is supported by the subjective data provided. Choice A is incorrect because fear of being alone does not necessarily mean the patient can perform dressing changes independently. Choice B is incorrect as resuming all previous medications is not related to the patient's fear of going home. Choice D is incorrect as the subjective data does not provide any information about the success of the surgery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a client's medical history of allergy to iodine or seafood is crucial for urinary diversion assessment to prevent potential adverse reactions during procedures involving contrast media or seafood-based medications. It is essential to ensure the client's safety and avoid any allergic reactions. Choice A is incorrect because assessing sexual function is not directly related to urinary diversion assessment. Choice C is also incorrect as urinary diversion does not typically affect nervous control. Choice D is irrelevant to the assessment of a client undergoing urinary diversion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fat. Excessive ingestion of fat has been linked to autoimmunity due to its potential to trigger inflammation in the body, which can disrupt the immune system's balance and lead to autoimmune responses. High-fat diets have been associated with increased production of pro-inflammatory molecules, impacting immune function negatively. Protein (choice A) is essential for immune function, vitamin A (choice B) supports immune responses, and zinc (choice D) is crucial for immune system regulation. However, excessive intake of these nutrients typically does not directly lead to autoimmunity like excessive fat consumption does.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: A hypothermia blanket. This is important because hypothermia can lead to complications such as shivering, increased risk of infection, and altered drug metabolism. Checking for the hypothermia blanket ensures Mrs. Zeno's temperature is regulated, promoting safety. A: A tracheostomy set is not directly related to Mrs. Zeno's immediate safety unless she has a tracheostomy in place. C: An intravenous set-up is important for administering medications, fluids, or blood products, but it is not directly related to Mrs. Zeno's safety at the bedside. D: A syringe and edrophonium HCl(Tensilon) is specific to a diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis, which may not be relevant to Mrs. Zeno's current condition or safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Related to impaired balance. The rationale for this is that a cerebellar brain tumor can affect the client's coordination and balance due to its location in the brain responsible for fine motor movements. Impaired balance increases the risk for falls and injuries. Visual field deficits (choice A) may contribute to the risk of injury but not as directly as impaired balance. Difficulty swallowing (choice C) and psychomotor seizures (choice D) are not directly related to the client's risk for injury due to a cerebellar brain tumor.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the patient expressing fear of going home and being alone indicates apprehension about discharge. This inference is supported by the subjective data provided. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes the patient's fear is related to dressing changes, not discharge. Choice B is incorrect as resuming medications is not linked to the patient's fear of being alone. Choice D is incorrect as there is no indication in the scenario that the surgery was unsuccessful.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the patient expressing fear of going home and being alone indicates apprehension about discharge. This is supported by stable vital signs and nearly healed incision, suggesting physical recovery. Choice A is incorrect as fear of being alone does not necessarily mean the patient can perform dressing changes independently. Choice B is incorrect as resuming medications is not related to the patient's fear of being alone. Choice D is incorrect as there is no evidence to suggest the surgery was unsuccessful based on the information provided.