ATI RN
Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A client with stage II ovarian cancer undergoes a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo- oopherectomy with tumor secretion, omentectomy, appendectomy, and lymphadenopathy. During the second postoperative day, which of the following assessment findings would raise concern in the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Shallow breathing and increasing lethargy are concerning assessment findings postoperatively as they can be indicative of respiratory complications such as atelectasis, pneumonia, or pulmonary embolism. These conditions can be life-threatening and require prompt medical attention. It is essential for the nurse to monitor the client closely for any signs of respiratory distress and intervene immediately if these symptoms are present. Abdominal pain, serous drainage from the incision, and hypoactive bowel sounds are common findings after abdominal surgery and are expected in the early postoperative period.
Question 2 of 9
When taking a dietary history from a newly admitted client, the nurse should remember that which of the following foods is a common allergen?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Strawberries are a common allergen and can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. Allergies to strawberries are relatively common and can present as mild reactions like itching and hives, or more severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing and anaphylaxis. It is important for healthcare professionals, such as nurses, to be aware of common allergens when taking a dietary history from clients to ensure their safety and well-being.
Question 3 of 9
Which statement by the mother of an 18-month-old would lead the nurse to believe that the child should be referred for further evaluation for developmental delay?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: By 15 to 18 months, most toddlers should be walking independently. An 18-month-old who is not yet walking warrants further evaluation.
Question 4 of 9
Nurse Analiza is administering a medication via the intraosseous route to a child. Intraosseous drug administration is typically used when a child is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intraosseous drug administration is typically reserved for pediatric patients who are critically ill and under the age of 3. This route is chosen when intravenous access cannot be readily established or when the patient is in urgent need of medication administration. Young children have easily accessible bone marrow spaces, making intraosseous administration a quick and effective means of delivering medications in emergency situations. Older children tend to have more developed vasculature, making it easier to establish intravenous access in those cases.
Question 5 of 9
Which of the ff. is the best explanation of emphysema for a newly diagnosed patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best explanation of emphysema for a newly diagnosed patient is that "Your lungs have lost some of their elasticity, and air gets trapped." This explanation succinctly captures the key characteristic of emphysema, which is the destruction of the alveoli in the lungs leading to the loss of elasticity. When the alveoli lose their elasticity, they are not able to effectively expel air during exhalation, causing air to become trapped in the lungs. This trapped air leads to difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, and other respiratory symptoms commonly associated with emphysema. This explanation is clear and focuses on the primary pathology of emphysema, making it the most appropriate choice for a newly diagnosed patient to understand their condition.
Question 6 of 9
when a female carrier of hemophilia marries a male who is free of the disease, the risk to their off spring for each pregnancy is what:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder, meaning it is carried on the X chromosome. Females have two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. In this scenario, the female carrier has one X chromosome with the hemophilia gene and one normal X chromosome. When she has children, she has a 50% chance of passing on the X chromosome with the hemophilia gene to her sons. Therefore, half the male children will inherit hemophilia, while half will not. Daughters, on the other hand, have a 50% chance of inheriting the X chromosome with the hemophilia gene but since it is a recessive disorder, they will be carriers of hemophilia rather than having the disease itself.
Question 7 of 9
Which should the nurse recommend for the diet of a child with chronic renal failure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For a child with chronic renal failure, it is important to recommend a diet that is low in phosphorus. In chronic renal failure, the kidneys have difficulty filtering phosphorus from the blood, leading to high levels of phosphorus in the body. High phosphorus levels can contribute to bone problems and other complications in renal failure patients. By recommending a diet low in phosphorus, the nurse can help manage the child's condition and reduce the risk of further complications. It is also important to monitor other electrolyte levels such as calcium, potassium, and sodium, and adjust the diet accordingly to maintain proper balance.
Question 8 of 9
Which of the following should be included when developing a teaching plan to prevent urinary tract infection? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maintaining adequate fluid intake: Adequate fluid intake helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of infection.
Question 9 of 9
All the following are features of rapid eye movement (REM) EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CT scan of head and neck is not a feature of REM sleep; it is an imaging study unrelated to the physiological characteristics of REM sleep.