A client with peptic ulcer disease is prescribed sucralfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the case of a client with peptic ulcer disease prescribed sucralfate, the nurse should instruct the client to take sucralfate 1 hour before meals. This timing is crucial because sucralfate forms a protective barrier over the ulcer, which is most effective when the stomach is empty. Taking sucralfate with meals (Option A) may hinder its ability to coat the ulcer properly. Taking sucralfate with antacids (Option C) is not recommended as antacids can interfere with the effectiveness of sucralfate. Taking sucralfate 2 hours after meals (Option D) may not provide optimal coverage over the ulcer during the digestive process. Educationally, understanding the timing of medication administration in relation to meals is essential in pharmacology. This question highlights the importance of knowing the rationale behind specific medication instructions to ensure its therapeutic effectiveness. It also emphasizes the significance of patient education in promoting medication adherence and optimal treatment outcomes in clients with peptic ulcer disease.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client starting a new prescription for prednisone is not to stop taking the medication abruptly. Abrupt discontinuation of prednisone can lead to adrenal insufficiency, emphasizing the importance of gradual tapering under healthcare provider guidance. Increasing potassium-rich foods may be necessary based on individual needs, but it is not the priority instruction in this context. Grapefruit juice interaction is more commonly associated with certain medications but not specifically with prednisone. Taking prednisone at bedtime to prevent drowsiness is not a key instruction related to its administration.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Blurred vision as an adverse effect of digoxin. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside commonly used in heart failure to improve cardiac output. One of the adverse effects of digoxin is visual disturbances such as blurred or yellow vision, which can indicate toxicity. Option A) Constipation is not a common adverse effect of digoxin. Option C) Nausea can occur but is a more common side effect rather than an adverse effect. Option D) Headache is not a typical adverse effect associated with digoxin use. Educationally, it is crucial for nursing students to understand the potential adverse effects of medications to provide safe and effective care to patients. Recognizing and managing adverse effects promptly can prevent complications and improve patient outcomes. In the case of digoxin, monitoring for visual disturbances is essential to prevent toxicity and ensure patient safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, it is crucial to understand the administration instructions for each medication to ensure optimal effectiveness and minimize adverse effects. For alendronate, the correct instruction is to take the medication first thing in the morning on an empty stomach. This is because alendronate is a bisphosphonate drug used to treat osteoporosis, and it is best absorbed in an acidic environment on an empty stomach. Taking it with food, a full glass of milk, or with meals can decrease its absorption and efficacy. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding medication administration guidelines to achieve desired therapeutic outcomes. Teaching students about the specific instructions for each medication helps them provide safe and effective patient care. Emphasizing the rationale behind the correct answer reinforces the pharmacological principles involved in drug absorption and bioavailability, which are essential for nursing practice. By contrasting the incorrect options, students learn to critically think about the implications of incorrect medication administration and its impact on patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In educating a client with a new prescription for albuterol, the nurse should include the instruction to shake the inhaler before use. This is the correct answer because shaking the inhaler helps to ensure proper dispersion of the medication within the device, leading to a more consistent dose delivery with each use. Option A is incorrect because the frequency of albuterol inhaler use is typically based on the individual's specific condition and prescribed dosing regimen, not a universal 4-hour interval. Option C, while a good general inhaler technique, does not specifically address the unique instruction of shaking the albuterol inhaler. Option D refers to using a spacer, which may be beneficial for some individuals, but it is not a universal instruction for all albuterol inhaler users. In an educational context, it is crucial to emphasize proper inhaler technique to ensure effective medication delivery and optimal therapeutic outcomes for clients using albuterol. By shaking the inhaler before each use, clients can help guarantee consistent dosing and maximize the benefits of their prescribed medication.