A client with increased liver enzymes is taking herbal supplements. Which of the following herbal supplements should the nurse report to the provider?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should report the herbal supplement Kava to the provider. Kava has been associated with hepatotoxicity, which can further worsen the client's already increased liver enzymes. The other options, Glucosamine, Saw palmetto, and St. John's wort, do not typically have strong hepatotoxic effects. Glucosamine is commonly used for joint health and is not known to significantly impact liver enzymes. Saw palmetto is often used for benign prostatic hyperplasia and has not been linked to liver enzyme elevations. St. John's wort is used for depression but is more commonly associated with drug interactions rather than liver toxicity. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the potential hepatotoxic effects of herbal supplements, especially in clients with pre-existing liver issues. It emphasizes the need for nurses to be vigilant in monitoring and reporting any concerning signs or symptoms related to herbal supplement use to ensure patient safety and well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) The subcutaneous site for redness following injection. Adalimumab is typically administered via subcutaneous injection for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Monitoring the injection site for redness is crucial as it can indicate local inflammation or an allergic reaction, which are important considerations in the management of the medication. Option A) is incorrect as Adalimumab is not administered intravenously, so monitoring the vein for thrombophlebitis is not relevant. Option C) is incorrect as Adalimumab is not administered orally, so monitoring the oral mucosa for ulceration is not necessary. Option D) is incorrect as Adalimumab is not administered via a transdermal patch, so monitoring the skin for irritation following patch removal is not applicable. In an educational context, understanding the route of administration of medications is vital for nursing practice to ensure safe and effective patient care. Monitoring for and recognizing potential side effects or complications associated with specific routes of administration is essential in providing quality nursing care and promoting positive patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct medication to anticipate administering to a young adult client with a serum calcium level of 8.8 mg/dL is option B) Calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate is a common treatment for hypocalcemia, which is characterized by low serum calcium levels. It works by providing supplemental calcium to raise the serum levels back to normal. In this case, the client's low serum calcium level indicates a need for a calcium supplement like calcium carbonate. The other options are not appropriate for a client with low serum calcium. A) Calcitonin-salmon is used to treat hypercalcemia (high serum calcium levels) by inhibiting bone resorption. C) Zoledronic acid and D) Ibandronate are both bisphosphonates used in the treatment of osteoporosis by inhibiting bone breakdown, not for increasing serum calcium levels. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind choosing the correct medication based on the client's condition is crucial for safe and effective pharmacological interventions. It also highlights the importance of assessing and interpreting lab values to guide medication choices in clinical practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In severe Aspirin toxicity, respiratory depression is an anticipated finding due to the development of respiratory acidosis. Aspirin toxicity can lead to metabolic acidosis, causing the individual to hyperventilate initially to compensate. However, as the condition progresses, respiratory depression can occur, resulting in impaired gas exchange and respiratory acidosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Diazepam, a CNS depressant, can interact with Fentanyl causing severe sedation when administered concurrently. This is due to the additive central nervous system depressant effects of both medications, which can lead to excessive sedation, respiratory depression, and other serious adverse effects. Therefore, healthcare professionals need to monitor clients closely for signs of excessive sedation or respiratory depression when administering these medications together.