A client with generalized anxiety disorder is prescribed buspirone (Buspar). Which statement by the client indicates an accurate understanding of the medication?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Buspirone (Buspar) is a medication used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, and its pharmacological properties and clinical use explain why choice C is correct while the others are incorrect. **Correct Answer (C):** Buspirone has a delayed onset of action, typically requiring **2-4 weeks** for noticeable therapeutic effects. Unlike benzodiazepines, which provide rapid relief, buspirone works by modulating serotonin and dopamine receptors over time. This slow mechanism means patients must take it consistently—not as needed—to achieve anxiety reduction. The statement "It may take several weeks for this medication to take effect" demonstrates accurate understanding, as it aligns with the drug's pharmacokinetics and prescriber instructions. **Incorrect Answer (A):** "I should take this medication as needed for anxiety" is incorrect because buspirone is not a PRN (as-needed) medication. It does not provide immediate relief like benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam) due to its gradual effect on neurotransmitter systems. Taking it intermittently would undermine its efficacy, as steady blood levels are required for therapeutic benefits. **Incorrect Answer (B):** "I need to avoid aged cheeses" is incorrect because this precaution applies to **MAO inhibitors** (e.g., phenelzine), not buspirone. MAO inhibitors interact with tyramine-rich foods (like aged cheeses), causing hypertensive crises. Buspirone lacks this interaction, so dietary restrictions are unnecessary. This statement reflects confusion with another drug class. **Incorrect Answer (D):** "I can stop taking this medication abruptly if I feel better" is incorrect because sudden discontinuation, though not typically associated with severe withdrawal (unlike benzodiazepines), can lead to symptom recurrence. Buspirone should be tapered under medical supervision to prevent rebound anxiety. Abrupt cessation disregards the need for gradual adjustment and ongoing management of anxiety disorders. The key distinctions lie in buspirone's **mechanism (slow-acting, non-sedating), dosing regimen (scheduled, not PRN), and lack of dietary or abrupt-discontinuation risks** compared to other anxiolytics. Choice C correctly reflects these nuances, while the others misrepresent the drug’s use or confuse it with other medications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When caring for a client with schizophrenia experiencing delusions, the most appropriate intervention is to acknowledge the client's feelings without reinforcing the delusions. This approach helps maintain trust and communication, fostering a therapeutic relationship. Challenging the delusions directly can lead to increased distress and resistance from the client. Providing evidence to disprove the delusions may not be effective due to the deeply ingrained nature of the client's beliefs. Ignoring the delusions may make the client feel dismissed or unheard, which can hinder the therapeutic process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because clients should avoid alcohol while taking diazepam (Valium) due to potential interactions. Alcohol can increase the sedative effects of diazepam, leading to excessive drowsiness or respiratory depression. Choice B is correct as it reflects the need to avoid alcohol. Choice C is incorrect because diazepam is usually taken regularly, not just when feeling anxious. Choice D is incorrect as abruptly stopping diazepam can lead to withdrawal symptoms and should be done gradually under medical supervision.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Instability in relationships. Individuals with borderline personality disorder often exhibit instability in their relationships, characterized by intense and unstable interpersonal connections, oscillating between idealization and devaluation. This pattern can lead to frequent conflicts, dramatic emotional shifts, and difficulties maintaining stable relationships. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. While individuals with borderline personality disorder may also have an excessive need for attention, fear of abandonment, or lack of interest in activities, the hallmark feature defining this disorder is the instability in relationships.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Setting a time limit for hand washing is an appropriate intervention for a client with OCD who spends excessive time on this compulsive behavior. By setting a time limit, the nurse can help the client gradually reduce the compulsive behavior, promoting a more manageable approach to hand washing without completely discouraging it. Encouraging the client to wash her hands less frequently (Choice A) may not address the root of the issue and could lead to increased anxiety. Teaching relaxation techniques (Choice C) may be helpful for overall anxiety management but may not directly address the excessive hand washing behavior. Discouraging the client from washing her hands (Choice D) may increase anxiety and resistance, making it a less effective intervention.