A client with end-stage acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has profound manifestations of Cryptosporidium infection caused by the protozoa. In planning the client's care, the nurse should focus on his need for:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In a client with end-stage acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) manifesting with profound Cryptosporidium infection, fluid replacement is crucial for managing the symptoms and complications. Cryptosporidium infection can cause severe diarrhea and dehydration, leading to significant fluid loss. Therefore, the primary focus of care in this situation should be on maintaining adequate hydration through fluid replacement. This is essential for preventing further complications and supporting the client's overall health and well-being. Pain management, antiretroviral therapy, and high-calorie intake may be important aspects of care in other situations but are not the priority in managing a client with severe Cryptosporidium infection and dehydration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Empathy begins developing early, though rudimentary.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Metabolic acidosis is a condition characterized by a low pH (acidemia) and a low plasma bicarbonate concentration. In this condition, the body either produces too much acid, kidneys cannot remove enough acid, or there is a bicarbonate loss. This leads to an excess of hydrogen ions in the body, resulting in a decrease in pH and bicarbonate levels. Respiratory acidosis, on the other hand, is characterized by a low pH and a high carbon dioxide concentration. Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and a low carbon dioxide concentration. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and a high bicarbonate concentration.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Empyema is a serious infection that requires aggressive treatment with antibiotics. The client must complete the entire course of drug therapy as prescribed by the healthcare provider to ensure that the infection is completely eradicated. Failure to complete the full course of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance and recurrence of the infection. It is crucial to emphasize to the client the importance of adhering to the prescribed treatment regimen to achieve a full recovery and prevent complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Young children often struggle with understanding death and may internalize feelings of guilt, believing they had a role in the event.