ATI RN
Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with dyspnea and difficulty climbing stairs is classified as having class III dyspnea. Which intervention should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assistance with activities of daily living. Class III dyspnea signifies moderate exertion causing symptoms. Therefore, the client may need help with daily activities to conserve energy. Daily physical therapy (B) may be too strenuous. Oxygen therapy (C) may not be necessary at this point. Complete bedrest (D) can lead to deconditioning.
Question 2 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being taught by a nurse. What nutrition information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. High-fiber foods promote gastric emptying, reducing the risk of bloating and discomfort in COPD patients. 2. COPD patients may experience decreased appetite, and high-fiber foods can provide necessary nutrients without overeating. 3. Increased fiber intake can aid in managing constipation, a common issue in patients with COPD due to decreased physical activity. Summary: A: Avoiding fluids before meals is not directly related to COPD management. B: Resting before meals may help with dyspnea but does not address nutritional needs. C: Consuming six small meals a day may not be necessary for all COPD patients and is not as crucial as promoting gastric emptying with high-fiber foods.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse assesses a client who has a mediastinal chest tube. Which symptoms require the nurse's immediate intervention? (Select ONE that does not apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Production of pink sputum. Pink sputum can indicate bleeding, which is a serious complication with a mediastinal chest tube. Immediate intervention is needed to prevent further complications. Tracheal deviation (B) can indicate tension pneumothorax, requiring immediate intervention. Pain at insertion site (C) may indicate infection or dislodgement, also needing prompt attention. Sudden onset of shortness of breath (D) can suggest a pneumothorax, which requires immediate intervention as well. However, the production of pink sputum is the most critical due to the potential for severe complications like hemorrhage.
Question 4 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving nutrition education. Which nutrition information should the nurse include in this client's teaching? (Select ONE that does not apply)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Eat high-fiber foods to promote gastric emptying. Clients with COPD often have decreased appetite and energy expenditure, making it challenging to consume high-fiber foods. This can lead to bloating and increased work of breathing. High-fiber foods can also cause delayed gastric emptying, which can exacerbate symptoms of dyspnea and discomfort in COPD patients. Therefore, it is important for clients with COPD to focus on easily digestible and nutrient-dense foods to support their nutritional needs. Avoid drinking fluids just before and during meals (A) is important to prevent excessive fullness and bloating, Rest before meals if you have dyspnea (B) is essential to conserve energy and optimize breathing during meals, and having about six small meals a day (C) can help maintain energy levels without overwhelming the respiratory system.
Question 5 of 5
A healthcare provider collaborates with a respiratory therapist to complete pulmonary function tests (PFTs) for a client. Which statements should the healthcare provider include in communications with the respiratory therapist prior to the tests? (Select ONE that does not apply)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: - Option C, stating that physical therapy has approved the client for treadmill exercise, is unrelated to pulmonary function tests (PFTs). PFTs measure lung function, not physical therapy or exercise tolerance. - Options A, B, and D are all essential for accurate PFT results. A) Ensuring the client did not use bronchodilators can affect test outcomes. B) The location for the examination is not relevant as long as the equipment is available. D) Instructing the client not to smoke before the test is crucial as smoking can affect lung function.