ATI RN
Oxygenation NCLEX Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with cystic fibrosis is prescribed dornase alfa (Pulmozyme). What is the primary therapeutic goal of this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary therapeutic goal of dornase alfa (Pulmozyme) in cystic fibrosis is to thin and loosen mucus secretions. This enzyme helps break down the DNA in thick, sticky mucus, making it easier for the patient to clear their airways. By thinning the mucus, it reduces the risk of blockages, improves airway clearance, and enhances lung function. This directly addresses the underlying issue in cystic fibrosis, which is the buildup of thick mucus in the lungs. Other choices are incorrect because: A: While dornase alfa may indirectly help reduce lung inflammation by improving mucus clearance, its primary goal is not to directly reduce inflammation. C: While dornase alfa may reduce the risk of infections by improving mucus clearance, its primary goal is not to prevent bacterial infections. D: While improved mucus clearance may indirectly help with oxygen absorption, the primary goal of dornase alfa is specifically to
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) on mechanical ventilation. Which intervention is most effective in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providing oral care with chlorhexidine. This intervention is effective in preventing VAP because it helps reduce the risk of bacterial colonization in the oral cavity, which can lead to aspiration of pathogens into the lungs. Proper oral care helps maintain oral hygiene and reduces the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia. A: Performing hand hygiene before client care is important for preventing the spread of infections, but it directly does not prevent VAP. C: Suctioning the endotracheal tube every hour is necessary for maintaining airway patency but does not directly prevent VAP. D: Administering prophylactic antibiotics is not recommended as a routine practice for preventing VAP due to the risk of antibiotic resistance and other complications.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with emphysema. Which finding is most indicative of this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Barrel-shaped chest. In emphysema, the destruction of lung tissue leads to hyperinflation and increased lung volume, resulting in a barrel-shaped chest. This finding is characteristic of emphysema and distinguishes it from other respiratory conditions. A: Productive cough with thick sputum is more indicative of chronic bronchitis. C: Inspiratory crackles in lung bases are more commonly associated with conditions like pneumonia or heart failure. D: Peripheral cyanosis is a sign of poor circulation or decreased oxygen levels in the blood, not specific to emphysema. In summary, the barrel-shaped chest is the most specific and characteristic finding of emphysema, while the other choices are more commonly associated with different respiratory conditions.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse teaches a patient about pulmonary spirometry testing. Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates teaching was effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because inhaling deeply and blowing out hard during pulmonary spirometry testing ensures accurate lung function measurements. This technique maximizes the volume of air exhaled, providing reliable test results. Choice A is incorrect because using an inhaler right before the test can affect the test results. Choice B is incorrect as fasting is not necessary for this test. Choice D is incorrect as blood pressure and pulse monitoring are not typically part of pulmonary spirometry testing.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse assesses a patient diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Which finding requires the most immediate action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the discontinuation of epoprostenol infusion in a patient with IPAH can lead to a sudden and severe worsening of symptoms, including potentially life-threatening pulmonary hypertension crisis. This requires immediate action to prevent complications. A: An O2 saturation of 90% is within an acceptable range and does not indicate an immediate crisis. B: A blood pressure of 98/56 mm Hg is slightly low but not critically abnormal to require immediate intervention. D: A prolonged INR may indicate altered coagulation but is not an immediate concern compared to the abrupt discontinuation of a critical medication like epoprostenol.