A client with COPD is prescribed home oxygen therapy. Which teaching point should the nurse emphasize?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid smoking or open flames near oxygen equipment. This is crucial because oxygen supports combustion and can cause fires. Smoking or having open flames near oxygen equipment can lead to serious accidents. A: Using oxygen only when shortness of breath occurs is incorrect because oxygen therapy should be used as prescribed by the healthcare provider, not just when symptoms are present. C: Setting the oxygen flow rate to 4 L/min at all times is incorrect because the flow rate should be adjusted based on the client's oxygen saturation levels and prescribed by the healthcare provider. D: Storing oxygen tanks in an enclosed space for safety is incorrect because oxygen tanks should be stored in a well-ventilated area, away from heat sources, to reduce the risk of fire.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Before engaging in exercise. SABAs are used as quick-relief medications to provide immediate relief of asthma symptoms, such as shortness of breath and wheezing. Using the inhaler before exercise helps prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by opening up the airways. Option A is incorrect because using SABA daily at bedtime is not recommended and can lead to overuse. Option C is incorrect as SABA should be used as needed for quick relief, not necessarily after taking a corticosteroid inhaler. Option D is incorrect because SABA should be used not only during severe asthma attacks but also before physical activity to prevent symptoms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the student should listen during both inspiratory and expiratory phases without moving the stethoscope in between. This ensures a comprehensive assessment of lung sounds. Choice A is correct as comparing breath sounds from side to side is a good practice. Choice C is also correct as starting at the apices and moving down towards the bases is a proper technique. Choice D is incorrect because instructing the patient to breathe slowly and deeply is a standard instruction for a respiratory assessment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because positioning the patient sitting up on the side of the bed allows for better access to the thoracic cavity during thoracentesis. This position helps to maximize lung expansion, making it easier for the healthcare provider to access the pleural effusion. Starting a peripheral IV line to administer sedatives (Choice A) is not necessary for thoracentesis preparation. Obtaining a collection device to hold 3 liters of pleural fluid (Choice C) is not a necessary step for preparing the patient for the procedure. Reminding the patient not to eat or drink for 6 hours (Choice D) is not a standard requirement for thoracentesis preparation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Instruct the patient to refrain from smoking for 6 hours before testing. Rationale: 1. Smoking can affect lung function, so refraining from smoking before pulmonary function tests helps obtain accurate results. 2. Smoking can lead to airway constriction, affecting test outcomes. 3. The 6-hour timeframe allows for a sufficient period for the effects of smoking to diminish. 4. Not smoking before testing ensures that the test results reflect the patient's true lung function. Summary: - Choice A is incorrect because using bronchodilators before the test may alter the test results. - Choice C is incorrect as fasting is not necessary for pulmonary function tests. - Choice D is incorrect as incentive spirometry is not typically performed before pulmonary function tests.