A client with chronic myeloid leukemia is receiving hydroxyurea. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Neutropenia. When a client with chronic myeloid leukemia is receiving hydroxyurea, the nurse should monitor for neutropenia due to the drug's myelosuppressive effects. Hydroxyurea works by inhibiting DNA synthesis, which can lead to a decrease in neutrophil production and an increased risk of infection. Option A) Hyperkalemia is incorrect because hydroxyurea does not typically cause hyperkalemia. Option B) Hypertension is also incorrect as it is not a common side effect of hydroxyurea. Option D) Tinnitus is not associated with hydroxyurea use and is an unrelated finding. Educationally, understanding the side effects of medications is crucial in providing safe and effective care to patients. By monitoring for potential adverse effects like neutropenia in this case, nurses can intervene early to prevent complications and ensure optimal patient outcomes. It is essential to have a strong pharmacological knowledge base to make informed clinical decisions and provide quality care to patients receiving various medications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology, it is crucial for nurses to understand the potential side effects and adverse reactions associated with specific medications. In this case, the correct answer is A) Hypotension when monitoring a client receiving etoposide. Etoposide is a chemotherapy drug known to cause hypotension as a common side effect. As a nurse, monitoring the client for signs of hypotension such as dizziness, weakness, or a drop in blood pressure is essential to prevent any complications. Option B) Hyperkalemia is not typically associated with etoposide therapy, so it is an incorrect choice. Hyperglycemia, option C, is also not a common side effect of etoposide. Option D) Hypertension is not a typical finding with etoposide treatment, making it an incorrect answer. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding specific medication side effects and the need for vigilant monitoring to ensure patient safety. By knowing the expected findings related to a drug like etoposide, nurses can provide effective care and intervene promptly if any adverse reactions occur.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A) Take this medication on an empty stomach. Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement medication that should be taken on an empty stomach, preferably 30 minutes to 1 hour before breakfast, to ensure optimal absorption. Food can interfere with the absorption of Levothyroxine, reducing its effectiveness. Taking it with food, at bedtime, or with antacids can all decrease the absorption of the medication and lead to suboptimal treatment outcomes for the client. Educational Context: Understanding the administration instructions for medications is crucial in pharmacology to ensure their therapeutic effectiveness. In the case of Levothyroxine, proper administration can significantly impact a patient's thyroid hormone levels and overall health. Educating patients on the importance of following specific instructions for each medication is a key role of the nurse to promote patient safety and optimal treatment outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, Atorvastatin is a medication commonly used to lower cholesterol levels. The correct answer is B) Creatine kinase. This enzyme is essential to monitor because Atorvastatin can sometimes lead to muscle-related side effects such as myopathy or rhabdomyolysis. Elevated creatine kinase levels can indicate muscle damage, which is a potential adverse effect of this medication. A) Blood glucose is not directly related to Atorvastatin. Atorvastatin is not known to significantly impact blood glucose levels, so monitoring blood glucose is not a priority for this medication. C) Hemoglobin is not typically affected by Atorvastatin. This parameter is more relevant in conditions like anemia or polycythemia, not specifically tied to Atorvastatin use. D) Sodium levels are not directly influenced by Atorvastatin. Monitoring sodium levels is more commonly associated with conditions like dehydration or certain medications that affect fluid balance, rather than Atorvastatin use. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind monitoring specific laboratory values for medications is crucial for safe and effective patient care. Pharmacological knowledge helps healthcare professionals anticipate and manage potential adverse effects, ensuring patient safety and optimal treatment outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the potential adverse effects of medications is crucial for safe and effective patient care. In the case of starting therapy with Atenolol, a beta-blocker commonly used to treat hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions, it is essential for the nurse to educate the client on monitoring for bradycardia. The correct answer is C) Bradycardia because Atenolol, as a beta-blocker, works by slowing down the heart rate. Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is a common adverse effect of beta-blockers like Atenolol. Monitoring for signs and symptoms of bradycardia, such as dizziness, fatigue, and fainting, is crucial to prevent complications. Option A) Tachycardia is incorrect because Atenolol actually works to decrease heart rate, making tachycardia less likely. Option B) Hypoglycemia is not a common adverse effect of Atenolol. Beta-blockers are more likely to mask the signs of hypoglycemia rather than cause it. Option D) Hypertension is also an incorrect option because Atenolol is used to treat hypertension, so monitoring for increased blood pressure would not be a primary concern when initiating therapy with this medication. In an educational context, understanding the mechanism of action of medications and their common adverse effects is essential for nurses to provide comprehensive patient education. By explaining why certain adverse effects are more likely with specific medications, nurses can empower patients to monitor for and report any concerning symptoms, leading to better outcomes and improved medication adherence.