ATI RN
Nursing Fundamentals Oxygenation Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with bronchitis is prescribed a nebulizer treatment. What should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hold your breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication. This is because holding the breath allows the medication to reach deep into the lungs for better absorption and effectiveness. Choice B is incorrect as taking deep, fast breaths can cause hyperventilation. Choice C is incorrect as cleaning nebulizer equipment daily should be done with soap and water, not alcohol. Choice D is incorrect as there is no need to avoid drinking fluids after the treatment.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with pneumonia about the use of an incentive spirometer. What is the primary benefit of this intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prevents alveolar collapse. Incentive spirometry helps to prevent atelectasis by promoting deep breathing and improving lung expansion, preventing alveoli from collapsing. This process keeps the airways open and maintains lung function. Incorrect choices: A: Increases oxygen saturation - While incentive spirometry can help improve oxygenation indirectly by enhancing lung function, its primary benefit is to prevent alveolar collapse. C: Reduces respiratory rate - Incentive spirometry focuses on improving lung expansion and preventing atelectasis, not specifically on reducing respiratory rate. D: Decreases mucus production - Incentive spirometry does not directly impact mucus production; its primary goal is to maintain lung function and prevent complications like atelectasis.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with asthma about using a peak flow meter. What is the primary purpose of this device?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. A peak flow meter measures peak expiratory flow rate, indicating how well air moves out of the lungs. 2. Early signs of worsening asthma include decreased peak flow readings. 3. By monitoring peak flow, the client can take necessary actions to prevent asthma exacerbations. 4. Choices A and B are incorrect as peak flow meters do not measure lung compliance or directly monitor bronchodilator effectiveness. 5. Choice D is incorrect as peak flow meters are used for ongoing monitoring, not initial diagnosis.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with asthma about using a spacer with an inhaler. What is the primary benefit of using a spacer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a spacer helps deliver medication more effectively to the lungs by slowing down the speed of the medication particles, allowing for better penetration into the lungs. This improves drug delivery and reduces the risk of side effects. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because using a spacer does not eliminate the need for deep breaths, prevent oral thrush, or reduce the frequency of inhaler use.
Question 5 of 5
A diabetic patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) results are pH 7.28; PaCO2 34 mm Hg; PaO2 85 mm Hg; HCO3€“ 18 mEq/L. The nurse would expect which finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Kussmaul respirations. In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), the ABG results show metabolic acidosis (low pH, low HCO3-) compensated by respiratory alkalosis (low PaCO2). Kussmaul respirations are deep and rapid breathing pattern seen in DKA to blow off excess CO2 and compensate for the metabolic acidosis. Intercostal retractions (A) may occur in severe respiratory distress, but this is not specific to DKA. Low oxygen saturation (C) may be present due to respiratory distress but is not the primary finding in DKA. Decreased venous O2 pressure (D) is not a typical finding in DKA.