ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice B 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with benign prostatic hyperplasia is to receive finasteride (Proscar). The nurse understands that this drug works by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Finasteride (Proscar), a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, reduces prostate size in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by blocking dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production, shrinking glandular tissue and easing urinary obstruction. Relaxing penile smooth muscle is the role of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors like sildenafil, not finasteride. It lowers DHT, not testosterone, and may even slightly increase circulating testosterone, but that's not its aim. Stimulating RNA synthesis relates to androgens' anabolic effects, not finasteride's mechanism. Shrinking the prostate is its core function, taking months to reduce symptoms, distinct from acute smooth muscle relaxation or hormonal boosts, aligning with BPH management goals.
Question 2 of 5
All are true of morphine , except :
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Morphine is a potent opioid analgesic that is commonly used for pain management, but it is not typically used to treat diarrhea and dysentery. Instead, medications such as loperamide or diphenoxylate/atropine are more commonly employed for managing diarrhea. Morphine can actually cause constipation as a side effect due to its action on opioid receptors in the gut. Therefore, the statement that morphine is used to treat diarrhea and dysentery is false.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse has taught the client with osteoporosis about how to manage the illness. Which statement by the client indicates that additional teaching is necessary?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Calcium at bedtime risks poor absorption-meals optimize it, per pharmacokinetics-needing correction. Alcohol avoidance, walking (weight-bearing), and milk (calcium) aid osteoporosis. Bedtime timing misstep shows gaps, per education.
Question 4 of 5
Louie, who is to receive a blood transfusion asks the nurse what is the most common type of infection he could receive from the transfusion. The nurse teaches him that approximately 1 in 250,000 patients contract:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hepatitis B infection is the most common serious infection that patients can contract from a blood transfusion. It is estimated that approximately 1 in 250,000 patients receiving a blood transfusion may contract Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver and can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Blood banks and healthcare facilities have strict screening and testing procedures in place to minimize the risk of transmitting Hepatitis B through blood transfusions. It is important for patients to be aware of this risk and to follow up with their healthcare provider if they experience any symptoms of Hepatitis B after a blood transfusion.
Question 5 of 5
A neighbor tells nurse Maureen he has to have surgery and is reluctant to have any blood product transfusions because of a fear of contracting an infection. He asks the nurse what are his options. The nurse teaches the person that the safest blood product is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An autologous blood product is the safest option because it involves the patient donating their own blood before surgery, eliminating the risk of transfusion reactions or infections from donor blood. Allogeneic products come from other donors and carry a small risk of infection or incompatibility. Directed donations are from known donors but still carry some risks. Cross-matching ensures compatibility but does not eliminate infection risks. Therefore, autologous donation is the safest choice.