ATI RN
ATI Practice Exam Pharmacology The Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with benign prostatic hyperplasia is to receive finasteride (Proscar). The nurse understands that this drug works by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Finasteride (Proscar), a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, reduces prostate size in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by blocking dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production, shrinking glandular tissue and easing urinary obstruction. Relaxing penile smooth muscle is the role of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors like sildenafil, not finasteride. It lowers DHT, not testosterone, and may even slightly increase circulating testosterone, but that's not its aim. Stimulating RNA synthesis relates to androgens' anabolic effects, not finasteride's mechanism. Shrinking the prostate is its core function, taking months to reduce symptoms, distinct from acute smooth muscle relaxation or hormonal boosts, aligning with BPH management goals.
Question 2 of 5
The patient tells the nurse that she is interested in the human brain and questions which parts of the brain control anxiety and insomnia. What is the best reply by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The limbic system (e.g., amygdala) drives anxiety-emotional response-while the reticular activating system (RAS) regulates sleep-wake, impacting insomnia, per neuroanatomy. Frontal lobes plan, not directly control these. Thalamus relays, not initiates. Hypothalamus affects sleep but less anxiety. Limbic-RAS pairing fits, answering precisely.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse has taught the client with osteoporosis about how to manage the illness. Which statement by the client indicates that additional teaching is necessary?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
A 13-year-old female presents with 3 months of easy bruisability and bone pain. Complete blood count shows extreme leukocytosis. She is diagnosed with ALL and begins a chemotherapy regimen. One of her chemotherapeutic drugs is cyclophosphamide. What should also be given to avoid a potentially serious side effect of cyclophosphamide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
A 29-year-old woman has a positive pregnancy test. She presents to her primary care physician for confirmation. She has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections, headaches, seizure disorder, and pulmonary embolus. Her current medications include acetaminophen, ciprofloxacin, warfarin, valproic acid, and methotrexate. Which of the following medications could be maintained at its current dose during her pregnancy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.