ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 2 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with asthma is prescribed albuterol (Proventil) via inhaler. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol, a short-acting beta-agonist, relieves acute asthma symptoms by bronchodilation. Shaking the inhaler well ensures proper aerosolization of the dose, maximizing delivery to the lungs. Using it daily is incorrect'albuterol is PRN, not preventive like inhaled steroids. Holding breath for 2 seconds is too short; 10 seconds is standard to deposit medication. Daily soap-and-water cleaning risks damage'weekly rinsing suffices. Shaking aligns with albuterol's delivery mechanism, critical for efficacy in asthma exacerbations where rapid relief is needed. This instruction prevents misuse, ensuring the client gets the full therapeutic effect, especially in emergencies. Other options either misalign with its PRN use or exaggerate care needs, making B the essential teaching point for safe, effective administration.
Question 2 of 5
Graded dose-response curves are most useful for determining
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Graded dose-response curves plot individual response intensity to dose increases (e.g., pain relief), a pharmacodynamic tool. Population curves (e.g., ED50) suit groups, not individuals. Large or small groups aggregate data, missing individual nuance. Individual focus defines graded curves, key for tailoring therapy.
Question 3 of 5
The number of people with hypertension in the United States is estimated to be
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most recent data indicates that approximately 45% of adults in the United States have hypertension. With an estimated total adult population of around 230 million in the U.S., this would mean that roughly 50 million people have hypertension.
Question 4 of 5
What is Nitroglycerin's Action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is a medication commonly used in the treatment of angina pectoris (chest pain) and heart failure. Its primary action is to dilate the coronary arteries, which are the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients. By dilating these arteries, nitroglycerin helps to increase blood flow to the heart and reduce the workload on the heart muscle, thereby relieving chest pain and improving overall heart function. This vasodilatory effect of nitroglycerin also helps in reducing blood pressure and increasing oxygen supply to the heart. Therefore, the correct action of nitroglycerin is to dilate the coronary arteries.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is working with a graduate nurse to prepare an intravenous dose of potassium. Which statement by the graduate nurse reflects a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The statement "The intravenous potassium dose will be given undiluted" reflects a need for further teaching. Potassium should always be diluted before administration to reduce the risk of causing irritation or damage to the veins. Administration of concentrated potassium solution can lead to serious complications, including local tissue damage, phlebitis, and even cardiac arrest. It is essential to dilute intravenous potassium solutions to ensure safe administration and minimize the risk of adverse effects.