ATI RN
NCLEX Questions Oxygen Therapy Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with a pulmonary embolism is receiving heparin therapy. Which lab value should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Monitoring aPTT is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of heparin therapy because heparin primarily affects the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, which is reflected in the aPTT value. By monitoring aPTT levels, the nurse can ensure that the heparin dosage is within the therapeutic range to prevent clot formation without causing excessive bleeding. Platelet count (A) is important to monitor for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia but does not directly evaluate the effectiveness of heparin therapy. Prothrombin time (PT) (B) and International normalized ratio (INR) (D) are used to monitor warfarin therapy, which acts on the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, not heparin therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A client with asthma is prescribed montelukast (Singulair). What is the primary purpose of this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To prevent asthma exacerbations. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that works to reduce inflammation in the airways, preventing asthma symptoms and exacerbations. It is not used for acute bronchospasm relief (choice A) or immediate relief during an attack (choice D). Montelukast does not directly reduce mucus production (choice C) but rather targets the underlying inflammation in asthma.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing education to a client with obstructive sleep apnea. Which lifestyle change is most likely to improve symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Losing weight if overweight. Obesity is a major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea as excess fat around the neck can obstruct the airway during sleep. Losing weight can help reduce the severity of symptoms by decreasing the amount of tissue that may be blocking the airway. Sleeping in a supine position (A) can actually worsen symptoms by further collapsing the airway. Avoiding CPAP therapy (B) is not recommended as it is a common treatment for sleep apnea. Reducing daily fluid intake (D) may help with nighttime trips to the bathroom but does not directly address the underlying cause of obstructive sleep apnea.
Question 4 of 5
A client is being evaluated for pulmonary fibrosis. Which symptom is most commonly associated with this condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by scarring of lung tissue, leading to decreased lung function. Progressive shortness of breath is the most common symptom due to the reduced lung capacity. Unexplained weight loss (A) is not a typical symptom of pulmonary fibrosis. Frequent nosebleeds (B) are not directly associated with the condition. Night sweats and chills (D) are more indicative of infections or other systemic conditions, not specifically pulmonary fibrosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assisting a respiratory therapist with chest physiotherapy for patients with ineffective cough. For which patient might this therapy be recommended?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, a teenager with cystic fibrosis. Chest physiotherapy helps clear mucus from the lungs, which is essential for patients with cystic fibrosis due to thick secretions. Postoperative adults may benefit, but not specifically for ineffective cough. Adults with COPD may require other treatments. Children with pneumonia may not need chest physiotherapy unless secretion clearance is an issue.