ATI RN
Free Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of hypertension is diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism. This diagnosis indicates that the client's hypertension is caused by excessive hormone secretion from which of the following glands?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary hyperaldosteronism is a condition characterized by excessive production of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that plays a key role in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte balance in the body. When there is an overproduction of aldosterone, it can lead to increased sodium retention and potassium excretion, resulting in hypertension. Therefore, in this case, the client's hypertension is caused by excessive hormone secretion from the adrenal cortex, making option A the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
25-year old Francisco M., is diagnosed as having myelocytic leukemia and is admitted for chemotherapy. Francisco M.'s laboratory results indicate bone marrow depression. The nurse should encourage him to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct option is B - Use a soft toothbrush and electric razor. When a patient is diagnosed with myelocytic leukemia and has bone marrow depression as indicated by laboratory results, the platelet count is usually low which can lead to increased risk of bleeding. Therefore, it is important for the patient to use a soft toothbrush and electric razor to minimize the risk of injury and bleeding. Hard toothbrushes and sharp razors can cause damage to the gums and skin, leading to bleeding complications. It is essential to take precautions to prevent injury and promote safety for the patient undergoing chemotherapy with bone marrow depression.
Question 3 of 5
The following are known to be causes of hepatitis except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver, and it can be caused by viruses, toxins, or chemicals and drugs. Bacteria, however, do not typically cause hepatitis. Common viral causes of hepatitis include hepatitis A, B, and C. Toxins like alcohol and certain medications, as well as exposure to chemicals, can also lead to hepatitis. Therefore, bacteria are not considered one of the primary causes of hepatitis.
Question 4 of 5
Which assessment finding would prompt the Rn to suspect compartment syndrome in a patient with a long leg cast?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Compartment syndrome is a serious condition that can occur when increased pressure within a muscle compartment impairs blood supply, leading to tissue ischemia and potential necrosis. Symptoms of compartment syndrome include severe, unrelieved pain that is disproportionate to the injury, as well as pain with passive stretch of the affected muscles. This pain is often described as deep, constant, and out of proportion to physical findings. Other signs that may indicate compartment syndrome include pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, and paralysis, but the most specific and early sign is severe, unrelieved pain. While weak movement of the patient's toes and decreased pedal pulses can also be seen in compartment syndrome, they are not as specific or early indicators as severe, unrelieved pain.
Question 5 of 5
A client was brought to the school clinic wuth severe, constant, localized abdominal pain. Abdominal muscles are rigid, and rebound tenderness is present. Peritonitis is suspected. The client is hypotensive and tachycardic. The nursing diagnosis most appropriate to the client's signs/symptoms is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's signs and symptoms point towards a diagnosis of peritonitis, which is an inflammation of the peritoneum lining the abdominal cavity. The presence of severe, constant abdominal pain, rigid abdominal muscles, rebound tenderness, hypotension, and tachycardia are all indicative of peritonitis. These symptoms are typically seen when there is an infection or inflammation in the abdominal cavity, leading to fluid shifting from the intravascular space to the peritoneal cavity. This shifting of fluid results in hypovolemia, causing hypotension and tachycardia.