ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding is taking warfarin (Coumadin). Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Report any signs of bruising or bleeding to your healthcare provider. This instruction is crucial because warfarin can increase the risk of bleeding, especially in clients with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding. Reporting any signs of bruising or bleeding promptly allows for timely intervention to prevent serious complications. A: Avoiding foods high in vitamin K is not necessary, as consistent intake of vitamin K-containing foods can help maintain stable anticoagulant levels. B: Taking aspirin along with warfarin can increase the risk of bleeding and should be avoided. D: Limiting fluid intake is not directly related to the management of warfarin therapy or gastrointestinal bleeding.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a long history of smoking is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. COPD is characterized by airway obstruction, leading to difficulty exhaling. 2. Prolonged expiratory phase is a common finding due to air trapping. 3. This leads to hyperinflation and increased residual volume. 4. Decreased anteroposterior chest diameter is not typical in COPD. 5. Increased breath sounds and chest expansion are not common in COPD. In summary, choice C is correct because it directly relates to the pathophysiology of COPD, while the other choices are not consistent with the condition.
Question 3 of 5
A client with tuberculosis (TB) is taking isoniazid (INH). Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Isoniazid (INH) can cause liver toxicity. Step 2: Regular liver function tests help monitor for liver damage. Step 3: Monitoring liver function is crucial to prevent serious complications. Step 4: Other choices are not directly related to INH's side effects. Summary: Choice D is correct as it directly addresses a potential serious side effect of INH. Choices A, B, and C are not directly relevant to the medication's side effects.
Question 4 of 5
A client with newly diagnosed osteoporosis is being taught about lifestyle modifications. Which instruction should be included?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Weight-bearing exercises help improve bone density and strength, crucial in managing osteoporosis. Step 2: Regular engagement in weight-bearing exercises can reduce the risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. Step 3: Increasing intake of caffeinated beverages can contribute to bone loss. Step 4: Avoiding exposure to sunlight can decrease vitamin D levels necessary for calcium absorption. Step 5: Taking calcium supplements with iron may interfere with calcium absorption. Summary: Choice B is correct as weight-bearing exercises are essential for managing osteoporosis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they can have negative impacts on bone health.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a spinal cord injury at T6 suddenly reports a pounding headache and blurred vision. What action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct action is to check the client's blood pressure first. A sudden onset of pounding headache and blurred vision in a client with a spinal cord injury at T6 can indicate autonomic dysreflexia. Checking the blood pressure is crucial as autonomic dysreflexia can lead to severe hypertension, which can result in life-threatening complications such as stroke or seizure. Immediate assessment and intervention are necessary to prevent further harm. Administering pain medication without addressing the underlying cause can exacerbate hypertension. Placing the client in a supine position can worsen symptoms, and increasing fluid intake does not address the immediate issue at hand. Therefore, checking the blood pressure is the priority to identify and manage autonomic dysreflexia effectively.