ATI RN
Quizlet ATI Pharmacology Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client who is receiving edrophonium chloride suddenly is complaining of abdominal cramps and the nurse observes the client is experiencing increased perspiration and salivation. The nurse makes sure the availability of which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The symptoms of abdominal cramps, increased perspiration, and salivation suggest cholinergic excess, which can occur with edrophonium chloride. Atropine sulfate is the antidote for cholinergic toxicity and should be readily available to counteract these effects. Levodopa, methylphenidate, and carbamazepine are not used to treat cholinergic excess. Therefore, atropine is the correct medication to have on hand.
Question 2 of 5
With regard to oral anti-asthmatic agents:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prednisone is intermediate-acting (12-36 hours), not long-acting like dexamethasone, so that's false. Methotrexate benefits some prednisone-dependent asthmatics, not all studies, making that false. Cyclosporin's toxicity (e.g., nephrotoxicity) limits its anti-asthmatic use, a true statement, despite immunosuppressive potential. Nifedipine has minimal effect on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, unlike inhaled CCBs, so that's false. Macrolides show some benefit in asthma. Cyclosporin's limitation reflects its risk-benefit profile, restricting its practical use.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing medication education to a client with hypertension. The nurse teaches the client that the physician ordered a diuretic to decrease the amount of fluid in the client's body. Which statement best describes the nurse's instruction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Explaining a diuretic's role in reducing fluid for hypertension is appropriate education, informing the client about its purpose in a clear, relevant way. Mechanism (e.g., sodium excretion) wasn't detailed-purpose was. Prototype drugs weren't specified, and consequences of non-use weren't covered. Appropriate education fits, enhancing adherence by linking the drug to the condition, a practical teaching goal.
Question 4 of 5
Drug X has a median lethal dose of 30 mg and a median effective dose of 10. Drug Y has a therapeutic index of 4, while drug Z has a therapeutic index of 3. Which statement is accurate based on this information?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Therapeutic index (TI) = lethal dose (LD50) / effective dose (ED50). Drug X: 30/10 = 3. Drug Y: TI = 4. Drug Z: TI = 3. Higher TI means safer-Drug Y (4) tops X and Z (3), balancing efficacy and toxicity best. X and Y aren't both safer-X matches Z. X's TI isn't 20. Z isn't safest. Y's TI makes it safest.
Question 5 of 5
The mother of a 7-year-old child says to the nurse, 'My child is distractible in school, cannot complete assignments on time, and interrupts other children while they are speaking. What do you think?' What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response by the nurse is option C: "This could be attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); you might want to have your child tested." This is the best response because the symptoms described by the mother - distractibility, inability to complete tasks, and interrupting others - are common manifestations of ADHD in children. Suggesting testing for ADHD is appropriate as early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve the child's academic and social outcomes. Option A is incorrect because depression typically presents differently in children, with symptoms like persistent sadness or irritability, changes in appetite or sleep, and loss of interest in activities they used to enjoy, which were not mentioned in the scenario. Option B is incorrect as bipolar disorder in children usually involves distinct periods of mania and depression, which were not described in the child's behavior. Option D is incorrect because while some behaviors can be typical for a 7-year-old, the combination of symptoms described by the mother could indicate an underlying issue like ADHD that may require further evaluation and support. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to be able to recognize common childhood behavioral and mental health concerns to provide appropriate guidance to parents and ensure children receive timely interventions for optimal development and well-being. Understanding the nuances between different conditions and their presentations is essential for healthcare professionals working with children and families.