A client who fails to take his insulin on a regular basis may have a conflict in which of the following functional health patterns?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Health-perception–health-management. When a client fails to take insulin regularly, it indicates a conflict in their health-perception–health-management pattern. This pattern involves how individuals perceive their health and how they manage it, including adherence to prescribed treatment regimens like taking insulin. Option B) Cognitive-perceptual is incorrect because this pattern relates to the client's sensory, perceptual, and cognitive processes, which are not directly linked to insulin non-compliance. Option C) Elimination is not the correct answer as it pertains to bowel and bladder function, not medication adherence. Option D) Values-beliefs is also incorrect as it focuses on the client's values, beliefs, and spiritual practices, which may influence health behaviors but is not directly related to insulin non-adherence. Educationally, understanding the functional health patterns in the context of pharmacology is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals to assess and intervene effectively in patient care. Recognizing how deviations in these patterns can impact medication compliance helps in providing holistic care and promoting positive health outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Gordon. Gordon's functional health patterns serve as a comprehensive framework for nurses to conduct holistic assessments and make accurate nursing diagnoses. These patterns include health perception and health management, nutritional-metabolic, elimination, activity-exercise, sleep-rest, cognitive-perceptual, self-perception and self-concept, role-relationship, sexuality-reproductive, coping-stress tolerance, and value-belief patterns. This framework helps nurses gather relevant data systematically to understand the patient's health status comprehensively. Option A) Erikson is known for his psychosocial development theory, which focuses on stages of development throughout the lifespan, not on nursing assessment frameworks. Option C) Newman is associated with the theory of health as expanding consciousness, which emphasizes the nurse-patient relationship and evolving consciousness, not on functional health patterns for assessment. Option D) Nightingale is known for her environmental theory of nursing, emphasizing clean and supportive environments for healing, rather than a framework for nursing assessment and diagnosis. Understanding Gordon's functional health patterns is crucial for nursing practice as it guides nurses in conducting thorough assessments, identifying health deviations, and planning individualized care to promote optimal health and well-being for patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Decreased visual acuity. This finding has significant implications for the nursing plan of care for a Type 1 diabetic client because diabetes can lead to various eye complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, and cataracts, which can cause decreased visual acuity. Regular eye examinations and monitoring are crucial for diabetic individuals to prevent or manage these complications. Regarding the incorrect options: A) Decreased sense of hearing: While sensory impairments can impact a client's overall well-being, they are not directly related to the cognitive-perceptual pattern of a Type 1 diabetic client. Hearing impairment does not have the same direct link to diabetes as visual acuity issues. B) Decreased sense of smell: Similarly, a decreased sense of smell is not directly related to the cognitive-perceptual pattern affected by diabetes. While it can affect a person's quality of life and safety, it is not a common manifestation of diabetes. C) Decreased sense of taste: Changes in taste perception may occur in individuals with diabetes due to various factors, such as medication side effects or systemic complications. However, it is not as closely linked to the cognitive-perceptual pattern assessment as visual acuity, which directly impacts a diabetic client's ability to perceive and interpret their environment. Educationally, understanding the specific sensory manifestations and complications of diabetes is vital for nurses caring for diabetic clients. Recognizing the implications of these sensory changes can help nurses tailor their assessments, interventions, and education to meet the unique needs of diabetic individuals, promoting optimal health outcomes and quality of life.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) The International Nursing Diagnoses Classification (NANDA-I) because it is the only classification system specifically designed to address the unique needs of nursing practice. NANDA-I focuses on identifying and labeling human responses to health and illness, providing a standardized language for nurses to communicate about patient care. This classification system helps nurses in making accurate nursing diagnoses, planning interventions, and evaluating patient outcomes. Option A) The International Classification of Nursing Practice (ICNP) is a comprehensive system that encompasses nursing practice but does not solely fulfill the exclusive needs of nursing like NANDA-I does. Option B) The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) is developed by the World Health Organization and focuses on health and disability at both individual and population levels, not specifically tailored to nursing practice. Option D) The Nursing Diagnostic System (NDS) is not a widely recognized classification system in the field of nursing and lacks the established credibility and global acceptance of NANDA-I. Understanding the importance of using standardized nursing classification systems like NANDA-I is crucial for nursing students and practicing nurses to ensure effective communication, accurate documentation, and improved patient care outcomes. Familiarity with NANDA-I aids in enhancing critical thinking skills and clinical decision-making processes in nursing practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion, the correct answer is D) Acting as a role model for the family. This option best describes the nurse's role in health promotion and disease prevention because being a role model involves demonstrating healthy behaviors and lifestyle choices to inspire and educate others. Nurses play a crucial role in health promotion by not only providing information but also by modeling positive health behaviors for their patients and families to emulate. Option A) Educating about home safety measures is important but does not encompass the comprehensive role of a nurse in health promotion. Home safety is just one aspect of health promotion and disease prevention. Option B) Identifying areas for family improvement is a part of the assessment phase in nursing but does not solely define the nurse's role in health promotion and disease prevention. Option C) Implementing the nursing process using a systems perspective is a fundamental aspect of nursing care, but it does not specifically address the proactive role of a nurse in promoting health and preventing disease. In pharmacology education, understanding the nurse's role in health promotion is essential as it directly impacts medication adherence, lifestyle modifications, and overall patient outcomes. By acting as a role model, nurses can effectively influence positive health behaviors in their patients and families, leading to improved health and well-being.