A client who fails to take his insulin on a regular basis may have a conflict in which of the following functional health patterns?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion, understanding the functional health patterns is crucial for identifying underlying issues affecting medication adherence. In this scenario, the correct answer is option A) Health-perception–health-management. The Health-perception–health-management pattern encompasses an individual's beliefs and behaviors related to their health and their ability to manage it effectively. Failing to take insulin regularly indicates a lack of adherence to a prescribed health management regimen, directly relating to this pattern. Option B) Cognitive-perceptual primarily focuses on mental processes such as perception and thought, which are not directly related to medication adherence in this case. Option C) Elimination pertains to the excretory system and is not relevant to the given scenario. Option D) Values-beliefs refers to an individual's spiritual or existential beliefs, which are not the primary factors influencing medication adherence in this context. Educationally, understanding how functional health patterns interplay with medication adherence helps healthcare professionals to assess and address barriers to treatment compliance effectively. It underscores the importance of holistic care and the need to consider various aspects of a client's health and well-being when promoting medication adherence and overall health outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct next step for the nurse to take is option B) Set a goal weight with the person. This choice is the most appropriate because it involves collaborative goal-setting with the individual, which is crucial in addressing a dysfunction in the nutritional-metabolic pattern. Setting a goal weight with the person allows for personalized care planning, promotes client autonomy, and ensures that the goals are realistic and achievable. Option A) Weigh the person is not the best next step as it focuses solely on obtaining a measurement without actively involving the individual in their care. This approach may not address the underlying issues contributing to the nutritional-metabolic dysfunction. Option C) Ask the person what her favorite foods are, while important for understanding preferences, does not directly address the need for establishing a goal weight and developing a plan to improve the nutritional-metabolic pattern. Option D) Develop a plan for weight loss assumes a specific course of action without first engaging the individual in collaborative goal-setting, which may not align with the person's needs, preferences, or readiness for change. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to understand the significance of client-centered care and the importance of involving individuals in decision-making processes regarding their health. Collaborative goal-setting empowers clients, enhances motivation for behavior change, and ultimately leads to more successful outcomes in addressing health issues such as nutritional-metabolic dysfunctions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion, understanding the leading causes of death among women is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide targeted interventions and education. The correct answer, Coronary artery disease (CAD) (Option C), is the leading cause of death among women globally. CAD is a significant public health concern due to factors like lifestyle choices, genetics, and hormonal influences. Women often present with atypical symptoms of CAD, leading to underdiagnosis and undertreatment. Option A, Accidents, while a significant cause of mortality, is not the leading cause of death among women. Option B, Cancer, is a prevalent health issue for women but does not surpass CAD in terms of mortality rates. Option D, Stroke, is a leading cause of death but typically ranks below CAD in women. Educationally, emphasizing CAD as the primary cause of death among women underscores the importance of cardiovascular health promotion, risk factor management, and early detection strategies in clinical practice. Pharmacological interventions for CAD, such as lipid-lowering agents and antiplatelet therapy, play a vital role in preventing adverse cardiovascular events in women. Understanding these distinctions equips healthcare providers to address women's unique health needs effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In Gordon's functional health patterns, the roles-relationships pattern focuses on understanding how the family unit operates and how its members interact with each other. The most appropriate question for the nurse to ask in this context is "How are problems in the family resolved?" This question directly addresses the dynamics of problem-solving within the family, shedding light on its communication, conflict resolution, and decision-making processes. Option A, "What is the family’s philosophy of health?" while important, pertains more to the health perception-health management pattern and may not provide insights into the roles-relationships pattern. Option B, "What does the family do to have fun?" is related to the leisure-activity pattern and does not directly address relationships or roles within the family. Option D, "Who decides when and how children go to sleep?" focuses on the coping-stress tolerance pattern and does not pertain to roles and relationships within the family. Educationally, understanding Gordon's functional health patterns is vital for nurses to comprehensively assess clients' health across various domains. By asking the right questions based on these patterns, nurses can gather holistic information for effective care planning and intervention. Therefore, mastering the appropriate questions for each pattern is essential for a nurse's assessment skills and patient care outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C: Acting as a launching center for their son. This option aligns with the developmental task of launching adult children into the world as they transition from being dependent on their parents to becoming independent individuals. This stage involves parents supporting their children as they establish their own lives, careers, and relationships. Option A, attending activities for their son, focuses more on the parents' involvement in their son's life rather than facilitating his independence, which is the primary task at this stage. Option B, strengthening their marital relationship for future family stages, is important but not the immediate developmental task in this specific scenario. Option D, responding to the prospect of changing careers, is unrelated to the developmental tasks of the family at this stage. Educationally, understanding family developmental tasks is crucial for nurses as they work with families to promote health and well-being. By recognizing and supporting families in their specific developmental tasks, nurses can provide more effective and tailored care to help families navigate life transitions successfully.