A client was diagnosed as having Dengue Fever. You will say that there is slow capillary refill when the color of the nailbed that you pressed does not return within how many seconds?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 5 seconds. Slow capillary refill in Dengue Fever typically indicates poor peripheral perfusion, which can be a sign of shock. In a healthy individual, capillary refill should occur within 2 seconds. In cases of shock or poor perfusion, the capillary refill time may be prolonged. Choosing 5 seconds as the threshold aligns with the delayed capillary refill commonly seen in patients with Dengue Fever. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the typical time frame for capillary refill in these circumstances.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hemophilus Influenzae. In children aged 2 months to 3 years, Hemophilus Influenzae type B (Hib) is the most prevalent cause of meningitis due to their immature immune systems. Hib vaccination has significantly reduced the incidence of Hib meningitis. Morbillivirus (B) causes measles, not meningitis. Streptococcus Pneumoniae (C) and Neisseria meningitidis (D) can also cause meningitis but are less common in this age group compared to Hib.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because using mosquito-repelling soaps is not an effective method for malaria control. Malaria is primarily spread through the bites of infected mosquitoes, so focusing on preventing mosquito breeding and bites is key. Let's break it down: A - Chemically treated nets prevent mosquito bites, reducing malaria transmission. B - Introducing larva-eating fish can reduce mosquito populations by eating mosquito larvae. C - Destroying breeding sites eliminates mosquito breeding grounds, reducing the mosquito population and the risk of malaria transmission. D - Mosquito-repelling soaps may help to repel mosquitoes temporarily but do not address the root cause of malaria transmission.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. S. japonicum is endemic in the Philippines based on historical data and prevalence studies. 2. S. mansoni is not endemic in the Philippines; it is commonly found in Africa and South America. 3. S. malayensis is a fictional species and does not exist in reality. 4. S. haematobium is primarily found in Africa and the Middle East, not in the Philippines. Summary: The correct answer is B (S. japonicum) because it is the species known to be endemic in certain regions of the Philippines. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because S. mansoni is not endemic, S. malayensis is fictional, and S. haematobium is not found in the Philippines.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Using a condom during each sexual contact. This is the best control measure for AIDS because condoms are highly effective in preventing the transmission of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Condoms create a barrier that reduces the risk of HIV transmission through sexual contact. Being faithful to a single partner (A) may reduce the risk but does not eliminate it entirely. Avoiding sexual contact with commercial sex workers (C) is not a practical solution for everyone and does not address the risk of transmission in other sexual encounters. Making sure that one's partner does not have signs of AIDS (D) is unreliable as many individuals may be asymptomatic carriers of the virus.